Skeletal muscle gene expression in older adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus undergoing calorie-restricted diet and recreational sports training - a randomized clinical trial.

Diana Bento da Silva Soares, Samuel Katsuyuki Shinjo, Aritânia Sousa Santos, Joyce de Cassia Rosa de Jesus, Simon Schenk, Gabriela Salim de Castro, Edmar Zanoteli, Peter Krustrup, Maria Elizabeth Rossi da Silva, Maysa Vieira de Sousa

Journal: Experimental gerontology 2022;164():111831

PMID: 35525396

Full Text on Elsevier Science View on PubMed

Abstract

AIMS

This study aimed to evaluate the impact of a 12-week calorie-restricted diet and recreational sports training on gene expressions IL-15, ATROGIN-1 and MURF-1 in skeletal muscle of T2D patients.

METHODS

Older adults with T2D (n = 39, 60 ± 6.0 years, BMI 33.5 ± 0.6 kg/m) were randomly allocated to Diet+Soccer (DS), Diet+Running (DR) or Diet (D). The training sessions were moderate-to-high-intensity and performed 3 × 40 min/week for 12-weeks. Gene expression from vastus lateralis muscle obtained by qRT-PCR, dual-energy X-ray and fasting blood testing measurements were performed before and after 12-weeks. Statistical analysis adopted were two-way ANOVA and Paired t-test for gene expression, and RM-ANOVA test for the remainder variables.

RESULTS

Total body weight was reduced in ~4 kg representing body fat mass in all groups after 12-weeks (P < 0.05). HbA1c values decreased in all groups post-intervention. Lipids profile improved in the training groups (P < 0.05) after 12-weeks. ATROGIN-1 and MURF-1 mRNA reduced in the DS (1.084 ± 0.14 vs. 0.754 ± 1.14 and 1.175 ± 0.34 vs. 0.693 ± 0.12, respectively; P < 0.05), while IL-15 mRNA increased in the DR (1.056 ± 0.12 vs. 1.308 ± 0.13; P < 0.05) after 12-weeks intervention.

CONCLUSION

Recreational training with a moderate calorie-restricted diet can downregulates the expression of atrophy-associated myokines and increases the expression of anti-inflammatory gene IL-15.

Address: Laboratory of Medical Investigation, LIM-18, Endocrinology Division, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.; Rheumatology Division, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.; Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Cancer Metabolism Research Group, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.; Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.; Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, SDU Sport and Health Sciences Cluster (SHSC), University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.; Laboratory of Medical Investigation, LIM-18, Endocrinology Division, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil. Electronic address: [email protected].

DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2022.111831

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MeSH Terms: Aged, Caloric Restriction, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Exercise, Gene Expression, Humans, Interleukin-15, Muscle Proteins, Muscle, Skeletal, RNA, Messenger, SKP Cullin F-Box Protein Ligases, Tripartite Motif Proteins, Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases