Mapping brain activity of gut-brain signaling to appetite and satiety in healthy adults: A systematic review and functional neuroimaging meta-analysis.

Sarah Althubeati, Amanda Avery, Christopher R Tench, Dileep N Lobo, Andrew Salter, Sally Eldeghaidy

Journal: Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews 2022;136():104603

PMID: 35276299

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Abstract

Understanding how neurohormonal gut-brain signaling regulates appetite and satiety is vital for the development of therapies for obesity and altered eating behavior. However, reported brain areas associated with appetite or satiety regulators show inconsistency across functional neuroimaging studies. The aim of this study was to systematically assess the convergence of brain regions modulated by appetite and satiety regulators. Twenty-five studies were considered for qualitative synthesis, and 14 independent studies (20-experiments) found eligible for coordinate-based neuroimaging meta-analyses across 212 participants and 123 foci. We employed two different meta-analysis approaches. The results from the systematic review revealed the modulation of insula, amygdala, hippocampus, and orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) with appetite regulators, where satiety regulators were more associated with caudate nucleus, hypothalamus, thalamus, putamen, anterior cingulate cortex in addition to the insula and OFC. The two neuroimaging meta-analyses methods identified the caudate nucleus as a key area associated with satiety regulators. Our results provide quantitative brain activation maps of neurohormonal gut-brain signaling in heathy-weight adults that can be used to define alterations with eating behavior.

Address: Division of Food, Nutrition & Dietetics, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Loughborough LE12 5RD, UK; Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Department of Clinical Nutrition, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.; Division of Food, Nutrition & Dietetics, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Loughborough LE12 5RD, UK.; Division of Clinical Neurosciences, Clinical Neurology, University of Nottingham, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham, UK; NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Queen's Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.; Nottingham Digestive Diseases Centre, National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust and University of Nottingham, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK; MRC Versus Arthritis Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK.; Division of Food, Nutrition & Dietetics and Future Food Beacon, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Loughborough LE12 5RD, UK.; Division of Food, Nutrition & Dietetics and Future Food Beacon, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Loughborough LE12 5RD, UK; Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK. Electronic address: [email protected].

DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2022.104603

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MeSH Terms: Adult, Appetite, Brain, Brain Mapping, Functional Neuroimaging, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Neuroimaging, Satiation