Sweetened beverage consumption and risk of cardiovascular mortality: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Akshaya Srikanth Bhagavathula, Jamal Rahmani, Kota Vidyasagar, Wubshet Tesfaye, Jagdish Khubchandani

Journal: Diabetes & metabolic syndrome 2022;16(4):102462

PMID: 35325785

Full Text on Elsevier Science View on PubMed

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND AIMS

Several studies have reported the association of sweetened beverages (SB) with cardiovascular disease. However, the relationship between SB and cardiovascular mortality has not been clearly established. This systematic review and meta-analysis investigated the association between SB consumption and cardiovascular mortality.

METHODS

PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science, and Embase were systematically searched up to July 31, 2021, for prospective cohort studies investigating this association in adults. Pooled relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to assess the strength of association between SB: sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB)/artificial-sweetened beverages (ASB) exposure and cardiovascular mortality.

RESULTS

A total of eight cohort studies comprising 1.2 million participants exposed to SB, reported 15,831 (1.2%) cases of cardiovascular mortality with a median follow-up of 12.2 years. Consuming at least one glass (250 ml) of SB per day (RR: 1.06; 95% CI: 1.00-1.12, P < 0.001) or ≥2 glasses per day (RR: 1.24; 95% CI: 1.16-1.31, P < 0.001) was significantly associated with increased risk of cardiovascular mortality. SSB and ASB intake of ≥2 glasses per day increased the risk of cardiovascular mortality by 21% (RR:1.21, 95% CI: 1.09-1.33, P < 0.001) and 33% (RR: 1.33, 95% CI: 1.12-1.55, P < 0.001), respectively.

CONCLUSIONS

Our findings reveal that high SSB and ASB consumption are associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular mortality. Policymakers and public health practitioners should work on multisectoral strategies to reduce the consumption of sweetened beverages around the world and among all population groups.

Address: Department of Social and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy at Hradec Kralove, Charles University, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic. Electronic address: [email protected].; Department of Community Nutrition, Student Research Committee, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Electronic address: [email protected].; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hanamkonda 506009, Telangana, India. Electronic address: [email protected].; Health Research Institute, University of Canberra, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia. Electronic address: [email protected].; Department of Public Health Sciences, College of Health and Social Services, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM, 88003, USA. Electronic address: [email protected].

DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2022.102462

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MeSH Terms: Adult, Artificially Sweetened Beverages, Cardiovascular Diseases, Humans, Prospective Studies, Sugar-Sweetened Beverages, Sweetening Agents