Different genetic strategies to generate high amylose starch mutants by engineering the starch biosynthetic pathways.

Yuyue Zhong, Jian Zhou Qu, Xingxun Liu, Li Ding, Ying Liu, Eric Bertoft, Bent L Petersen, Bruce R Hamaker, Kim Henrik Hebelstrup, Andreas Blennow

Journal: Carbohydrate polymers 2022;287():119327

PMID: 35422293

Free Full Text on Elsevier Science View on PubMed

Abstract

This review systematically documents the major different strategies of generating high-amylose (HAS) starch mutants aiming at providing high resistant starch, by engineering the starch biosynthesis metabolic pathways. We identify three main strategies based on a new representation of the starch structure: 'the building block backbone model': i) suppression of starch synthases for reduction of amylopectin (AP) side-chains; ii) suppression of starch branching enzymes (SBEs) for production of AM-like materials; and iii) suppression of debranching enzymes to restrain the transformation from over-branched pre-AP to more ordered AP. From a biosynthetic perspective, AM generated through the second strategy can be classified into two types: i) normal AM synthesized mainly by regular expression of granule-bound starch synthases, and ii) modified linear AP chains (AM-like material) synthesized by starch synthases due to the suppression of starch branching enzymes. The application of new breeding technologies, especially CRISPR, in the breeding of HAS crops is also reviewed.

Address: Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Arid Area of Northwest Region, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China; Lab of Food Soft Matter Structure and Advanced Manufacturing, College of Food Science and Engineering/Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety/Key Laboratory of Grains and Oils Quality Control and Processing, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing 210023, China.; Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Arid Area of Northwest Region, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.; Lab of Food Soft Matter Structure and Advanced Manufacturing, College of Food Science and Engineering/Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety/Key Laboratory of Grains and Oils Quality Control and Processing, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing 210023, China.; Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Denmark.; Department of Plant Breeding, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, P.O. Box 101, SE-23053 Alnarp, Sweden.; Bertoft Solutions, Gamla Sampasvägen 18, 20960 Turku, Finland.; Department of Food Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, USA.; Department of Agroecology, Aarhus University, Flakkebjerg, Denmark; Plantcarb Aps, Vedbæk, Denmark.; Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Denmark. Electronic address: [email protected].

DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.119327

Link outs

Free resources

Full Text Sources:

https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0144...

MeSH Terms: 1,4-alpha-Glucan Branching Enzyme, Amylopectin, Amylose, Biosynthetic Pathways, Starch, Starch Synthase