A Study of Platelets Indices in Patients with Diabetic Retinopathy and without Diabetic Retinopathy & the Effect of Hyperglycemia on Platelet Indices.

UNLABELLED

In Diabetes, there is increased platelet activity which is implicated as a factor for development of micro and macro vascular complications. The function of platelets seems to be related to their sizes as Function of Large platelets are more reactive and contain large amount of dense granules which can increase thrombogenic potential. These can be studied by platelet indices like - Plateletcrit (PCT), Mean Platelet Volume (MPV), Platelet Distribution Width (PDW), and Platelet-Large Cell Ratio (P-LCR).

MATERIAL

This is a Cross sectional, observational study which includes 100 known patients of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus from OPD and IPD of Navodaya Medical College Hospital and Research centre, Raichur. Out of which 50 cases with Diabetic retinopathy will be taken as cases & 50 cases without Diabetic Retinopathy will be taken as controls. Fundoscopic examination done for all patients included in study for assessment of Retinopathy. All the platelet indices are compared with vascular complications and effect of hyperglycemia on Platelet indices is studied based on HbA1C levels, FBS and PPBS levels.

OBSERVATION

P-Values in platelet indices - Mean Platelet Volume (0.001*), Plateletcrit(0.00*), Platelet-Large cell Ratio (0.13), Platelet Distribution width (0.067) while Mean platelet Volume and Plateletcrit are found to be statistically significant. P value in patients with poor Glycemic control (HbA1C > 7) found to be statistically significant.

CONCLUSION

Platelet indices - Plateletcrit (PCT), Mean Platelet Volume (MPV), Platelet Distribution Width (PDW), and Platelet-Large Cell Ratio (P-LCR) are more in patients with diabetic retinopathy than patients without Diabetic retinopathy. Patients with poor glycemic control(HbA1C >7) were found to have increased platelet indices. so, they can be used as a marker in predicting the vascular complications in diabetes mellitus.

© Journal of the Association of Physicians of India 2011.