The role of intestinal stem cell within gut homeostasis: Focusing on its interplay with gut microbiota and the regulating pathways.

Jiuping Zeng, Xu Wu, Zhangang Xiao, Qinglian Wen, Li Gu, Yuhong Sun, Wanping Li, Xiaobing Li, Meijuan Chen, Shengpeng Wang, Haoming Luo, Qianyun Zhao, Jing Shen, Yu Chen, Fukuan Du, Yueshui Zhao, Qin Wang, Yifei Yang, Fang Wang, Mingxing Li

Journal: International journal of biological sciences 2022;18(13):5185-5206

PMID: 35982910

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Abstract

Intestinal stem cells (ISCs) play an important role in maintaining intestinal homeostasis via promoting a healthy gut barrier. Within the stem cell niche, gut microbiota linking the crosstalk of dietary influence and host response has been identified as a key regulator of ISCs. Emerging insights from recent research reveal that ISC and gut microbiota interplay regulates epithelial self-renewal. This article reviews the recent knowledge on the key role of ISC in their local environment (stem cell niche) associating with gut microbiota and their metabolites as well as the signaling pathways. The current progress of intestinal organoid culture is further summarized. Subsequently, the key challenges and future directions are discussed.

Address: Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan, China.; Cell Therapy & Cell Drugs of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan, China.; South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan, China.; State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Macao, China.; Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan, China.

DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.72600

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MeSH Terms: Gastrointestinal Microbiome, Homeostasis, Intestinal Mucosa, Signal Transduction, Stem Cell Niche, Stem Cells