The emerging role of regulatory cell-based therapy in autoimmune disease.

Neda Moradi, Fatemeh Rezaei-Tazangi, Farbod Ghobadinezhad, Nasim Ebrahimi, Fatemeh Mozaffari, Sheida Beiranvand, Mehran Pournazari, Roya Khorram, Maral Afshinpour, Rob A Robino, Amir Reza Aref, Leonardo M R Ferreira

Journal: Frontiers in immunology 2023;13():1075813

PMID: 36591309

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Abstract

Autoimmune disease, caused by unwanted immune responses to self-antigens, affects millions of people each year and poses a great social and economic burden to individuals and communities. In the course of autoimmune disorders, including rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, type 1 diabetes mellitus, and multiple sclerosis, disturbances in the balance between the immune response against harmful agents and tolerance towards self-antigens lead to an immune response against self-tissues. In recent years, various regulatory immune cells have been identified. Disruptions in the quality, quantity, and function of these cells have been implicated in autoimmune disease development. Therefore, targeting or engineering these cells is a promising therapeutic for different autoimmune diseases. Regulatory T cells, regulatory B cells, regulatory dendritic cells, myeloid suppressor cells, and some subsets of innate lymphoid cells are arising as important players among this class of cells. Here, we review the roles of each suppressive cell type in the immune system during homeostasis and in the development of autoimmunity. Moreover, we discuss the current and future therapeutic potential of each one of these cell types for autoimmune diseases.

Address: Student Research Committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.; Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN) Office, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.; Division of Genetics, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran.; Department of Nutrition, School of Medicine, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran.; Division of Biotechnology, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Nourdanesh Institute of Higher Education, University of Meymeh, Isfahan, Iran.; Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord, Iran.; Clinical Research Development Center, Imam Reza Hospital, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.; Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran.; Bone and Joint Diseases Research Center, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.; Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, United States.; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States.; Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States.; Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States.; Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States.; Xsphera Biosciences, Boston, MA, United States.

DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1075813

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https://medlineplus.gov/autoimmunediseases.html

MeSH Terms: Humans, Immunity, Innate, Lymphocytes, Autoimmune Diseases, Autoimmunity, Autoantigens