Pediatric considerations in tumor lysis syndrome.

OBJECTIVES

To identify pediatric issues related to tumor lysis syndrome (TLS) focusing on potential differences in patient monitoring and management in the pediatric patient as opposed to the adult; to discuss family and caregiver education.

DATA SOURCES

Primary and tertiary literature and clinical experience.

CONCLUSIONS

Pediatric patients are at high risk for developing TLS given the high incidence of hematologic malignancies in this population. The goal of therapy is to implement preventive treatment regimens and, once evident, respond immediately to correct any electrolyte or metabolic abnormalities. Close monitoring for risk factors and immediate identification and intervention is essential in preventing the life-threatening consequences of TLS.

IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING PRACTICE

The pediatric oncology nurse can significantly impact clinical outcomes in patients with or at risk for TLS through vigilant monitoring and implementation of prevention and treatment strategies.