Laboratory Negative Predictive Factors for the Occurrence of Cardiac Complications in Children with Kawasaki Disease.

BACKGROUND

Patients with Kawasaki disease (KD) may develop cardiovascular complications in the presence of predictive factors, including young age < 6 months, male gender, unfavorable response to intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG), low albuminemia, thrombocytosis, fever over 8 days, increased C-reactive protein (CRP), elevated levels of 25 OH vitamin D3, elevated levels of fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23), elevated D-dimers, elevated ferritin. The objectives of this study were to determine the laboratory negative predictive factors for the occurrence of cardiac complications in children with KD. Studies in the literature that dealt with these predictive factors were analyzed.

METHODS

We followed the studies published in PubMed over a 10-year period. Seventy articles were reviewed and, after applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 20 articles were selected.

RESULTS

We evaluated the population studies which showed factors can predict the occurrence of heart complications. These factors were different depending on age and depending on resistance to IVIG treatment.

CONCLUSIONS

Some biological parameters such as low albumin, thrombocytosis, increased CRP, elevated levels of 25 OH vitamin D3, elevated levels of FGF23, elevated D-dimers, and elevated ferritin could be considered as laboratory negative predictive factors for CAL.