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Exposome and foetoplacental vascular dysfunction in gestational diabetes mellitus.

Paola Valero, Gonzalo Fuentes, Marcelo Cornejo, Sofía Vega, Adriana Grismaldo, Fabián Pardo, Gerardo García-Rivas, Jan-Luuk Hillebrands, Marijke M Faas, Paola Casanello, Eline M van der Beek, Harry van Goor, Luis Sobrevia

Journal: Molecular aspects of medicine 2022;87():101019

PMID: 34483008

Full Text on Elsevier Science View on PubMed

Abstract

A balanced communication between the mother, placenta and foetus is crucial to reach a successful pregnancy. Several windows of exposure to environmental toxins are present during pregnancy. When the women metabolic status is affected by a disease or environmental toxin, the foetus is impacted and may result in altered development and growth. Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a disease of pregnancy characterised by abnormal glucose metabolism affecting the mother and foetus. This disease of pregnancy associates with postnatal consequences for the child and the mother. The whole endogenous and exogenous environmental factors is defined as the exposome. Endogenous insults conform to the endo-exposome, and disruptors contained in the immediate environment are the ecto-exposome. Some components of the endo-exposome, such as Selenium, vitamins D and B, adenosine, and a high-fat diet, and ecto-exposome, such as the heavy metals Arsenic, Mercury, Lead and Copper, and per- and polyfluoroakyl substances, result in adverse pregnancies, including an elevated risk of GDM or gestational diabesity. The impact of the exposome on the human placenta's vascular physiology and function in GDM and gestational diabesity is reviewed.

Copyright © 2021 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Address: Cellular and Molecular Physiology Laboratory (CMPL), Department of Obstetrics, Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, 8330024, Chile; Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad de Talca, Talca, 3460000, Chile.; Cellular and Molecular Physiology Laboratory (CMPL), Department of Obstetrics, Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, 8330024, Chile; Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad de Talca, Talca, 3460000, Chile; Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, Division of Pathology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), 9713GZ, Groningen, the Netherlands.; Cellular and Molecular Physiology Laboratory (CMPL), Department of Obstetrics, Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, 8330024, Chile; Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad de Talca, Talca, 3460000, Chile; Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad de Antofagasta, Antofagasta, 02800, Chile.; Cellular and Molecular Physiology Laboratory (CMPL), Department of Obstetrics, Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, 8330024, Chile; Medical School (Faculty of Medicine), Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Brazil.; Cellular and Molecular Physiology Laboratory (CMPL), Department of Obstetrics, Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, 8330024, Chile; Department of Nutrition and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá DC, Colombia.; Cellular and Molecular Physiology Laboratory (CMPL), Department of Obstetrics, Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, 8330024, Chile; Metabolic Diseases Research Laboratory, Interdisciplinary Centre of Territorial Health Research (CIISTe), Biomedical Research Center (CIB), San Felipe Campus, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Valparaíso, San Felipe, 2172972, Chile.; Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Cátedra de Cardiología, Hospital Zambrano-Hellion, TecSalud, San Pedro Garza-García, 66278, Monterrey, Mexico.; Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, Division of Pathology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), 9713GZ, Groningen, the Netherlands.; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ, Groningen, the Netherlands; Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, Division of Pathology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), 9713GZ, Groningen, the Netherlands.; Department of Obstetrics, Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, and Department of Neonatology, Division of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, 8330024, Chile; Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, Division of Pathology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), 9713GZ, Groningen, the Netherlands.; Department of Pediatrics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, 9713GZ, Groningen, the Netherlands; Nestlé Institute for Health Sciences, Nestlé Research, Societé des Produits de Nestlé, 1000, Lausanne 26, Switzerland.; Cellular and Molecular Physiology Laboratory (CMPL), Department of Obstetrics, Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, 8330024, Chile; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, E-41012, Spain; Medical School (Faculty of Medicine), Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Brazil; University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research (UQCCR), Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Queensland, Herston, QLD 4029, Queensland, Australia; Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, Division of Pathology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), 9713GZ, Groningen, the Netherlands. Electronic address: [email protected].
DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2021.101019

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MeSH Terms: Child, Diabetes, Gestational, Endothelium, Vascular, Exposome, Female, Humans, Placenta, Pregnancy
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