Consensus on the treatment of dysphagia in Parkinson's disease.

Address: Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences "Luigi Sacco", University of Milan, Milan, Italy.; Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences "Luigi Sacco", University of Milan, Milan, Italy. Electronic address: [email protected].; Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy.; Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy; Clinical Neurophysiology Unit, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy.; Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy; Neurorehabilitation Unit, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy.; Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, Unit of Biostatistics and Clinical Epidemiology, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.; Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics and Maternal Child Health, University of Genoa-IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy.; Parkinson and Movement Disorders Unit, Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (CENSE), Department of Neuroscience, University of Padua, Padua, Italy.; Azienda Sanitaria Provinciale Agrigento - UO Complessa Radiologia Distretto Ag 2 Sciacca-Ribera, Presidio Ospedaliero di Sciacca (AG), Sciacca, Agrigento, Italy.; Department of Otolaryngology Head Neck Surgery, University of Pavia, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation, Pavia, Italy.; Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.; Gastrointestinal Physiology Laboratory, Hospital de Mataró, Universitat Autónoma de Barcelona, Mataró, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (Ciberehd), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain.; IRCCS, Istituto di Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Bologna, Italy; DIBINEM, University of Bologna, Italy.; Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy.; Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Gastroenterology, University of Manchester, Salford Royal Hospital, Salford, UK.; Department of Communication Disorders, Rose Centre for Stroke Recovery and Research, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zeland.; Department of Neuroscience "Rita Levi Montalcini", University of Torino, Italy.; ENT Department, University of Padova, Padua, Italy.; Rehabilitation Unit, Department of Neuroscience, University of Padova, Padua, Italy.; Department of Speech and Language Therapy, School of Health Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Patras, Patras, Greece.; Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders Unit, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy.; Department of Neurology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA.; Department of Neurology, Garibaldi Hospital, Catania, Italy.; Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, Unit of Human and Clinical Nutrition, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy; IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy.; Department of Sense Organs, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.; Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.; Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, UCL, Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK.; University and Institute for Research and Medical Care IRCCS San Raffaele, Rome, Italy.; Parkinson disease and Movement Disorders Unit, Neurology Service, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED:CB06/05/0018-ISCIII) Barcelona, Spain.; Department of Medicine, Division of Geriatrics, Healthy Aging Center, University of Verona, Italy.; Department GF Ingrassia, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.; Clinical Neurophysiology Unit, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy.