Aldehyde dehydrogenase 1A1 and 1A3 isoforms - mechanism of activation and regulation in cancer.

M Poturnajova, Z Kozovska, M Matuskova

Journal: Cellular signalling 2022;87():110120

PMID: 34428540

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Abstract

In some types of human cancer, aldehyde dehydrogenases represent stemness markers and their expression is associated with advanced disease stages and poor prognosis. Although several biological functions are mediated by their product Retinoid acid, the molecular mechanism is tissue-dependent and only partially understood. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge about the role of ALDH in solid tumours, especially ALDH1A1 and ALDH1A3 isoforms, regarding the molecular mechanism of their transcription and regulation, and their crosstalk with main molecular pathways resulting in the excessive proliferation, chemoresistance, stem cells properties and invasiveness. The recent knowledge of the regulatory effect of lnRNA on ALDH1A1 and ALDH1A3 is discussed too.

Address: Department of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Research Institute, Biomedical Research Center of Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, 84505 Bratislava, Slovakia. Electronic address: [email protected].; Department of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Research Institute, Biomedical Research Center of Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, 84505 Bratislava, Slovakia.

DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2021.110120

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Free resources

Full Text Sources:

Medical:

https://medlineplus.gov/cancer.html

Miscellaneous:

https://assays.cancer.gov/non-CPTAC-3632

MeSH Terms: Aldehyde Dehydrogenase, Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 1 Family, Aldehyde Oxidoreductases, Humans, Neoplasms, Protein Isoforms, Retinal Dehydrogenase, Tretinoin