Taxanes and taxoids of the genus Taxus - A comprehensive inventory of chemical diversity.

B Markus Lange, Caleb F Conner

Journal: Phytochemistry 2021;190():112829

PMID: 34329937

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Abstract

The pseudoalkaloid diterpene Taxol® (paclitaxel) emerged as a best-selling anti-cancer drug in the mid-1990s. The compound attracted considerable interest because of its unique mechanism to stabilize microtubules, thus reducing dynamicity and ultimately promoting mitotic arrest. Taxol was originally isolated from members of the genus Taxus. Over the last 50 years, close to 600 metabolites with taxane scaffolds were isolated from various Taxus species and their structures reported. The present review article provides an overview of the known chemical diversity of taxanes, with an emphasis on the functionalization of diterpene scaffolds. The implications of the occurrence of chemically diverse taxane metabolites for unraveling Taxol biosynthesis and enabling pathway engineering are discussed as well.

Address: Institute of Biological Chemistry and M.J. Murdock Metabolomics Laboratory, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, 99164-7411, USA. Electronic address: [email protected].; Institute of Biological Chemistry and M.J. Murdock Metabolomics Laboratory, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, 99164-7411, USA.

DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2021.112829

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MeSH Terms: Antineoplastic Agents, Diterpenes, Paclitaxel, Taxoids, Taxus