Flavonoids as potential anti-platelet aggregation agents: from biochemistry to health promoting abilities.

Javad Sharifi-Rad, Cristina Quispe, Shabnum Shaheen, Mohammed El Haouari, Elena Azzini, Monica Butnariu, Ioan Sarac, Marius Pentea, Karina Ramírez-Alarcón, Miquel Martorell, Manoj Kumar, Anca Oana Docea, Natália Cruz-Martins, Daniela Calina

Journal: Critical reviews in food science and nutrition 2022;62(29):8045-8058

PMID: 33983094

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Abstract

Cardiovascular ailments are the number one cause of mortalities throughout the globe with 17.9 million deaths per year. Platelet activation and aggregation play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of arterial diseases, including acute coronary syndrome, acute myocardial infarction, cerebrovascular transient ischemia, unstable angina, among others. Flavonoids-rich plant extracts are gaining interest for treating the heart-related problems due to safe nature of these herbal extracts. Consumption of plant-food-derived bioactives, particularly flavonoids, has shown antithrombotic, and cardiovascular protective effects due to its anti-platelet activity. Preclinical and clinical trials have proven that flavonoid-rich plant extracts are protective against the cardiac ailments through anti-platelet aggregation activity. This review aims to highlight the anti-platelet aggregation potential of flavonoids with a key emphasis on the therapeutic efficacy in humans. The mechanism of flavonoids in preventing and treating cardiovascular diseases is also highlighted based on preclinical and clinical experimental trials. Further studies are the need of time for exploring the exact molecular mechanism of flavonoids as anti-platelet aggregation agents for treating heart-related problems.

Address: Phytochemistry Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; Facultad de Medicina, Universidad del Azuay, Cuenca, Ecuador.; Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Arturo Prat, Iquique, Chile.; Department of Plant Sciences, LCWU, Lahore, Pakistan.; Centre Régional des Métiers de l'Education et de la Formation/Région: Fès-Meknès (Antenne de Taza), Taza Gare, Morocco.; Laboratoire Matériaux, Substances Naturelles, Environnement et Modélisation (LMSNEM), Faculté Polydisciplinaire de Taza, Université Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah, Taza Gare, Morocco.; Centre for Research on Food and Nutrition, Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA), Rome, Italy.; Banat's University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine "King Michael I of Romania" from Timisoara, Timis, Romania.; Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Concepcion, Concepcion, Chile.; Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Concepcion, Concepcion, Chile.; Unidad de Desarrollo Tecnológico, UDT, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile.; Chemical and Biochemical Processing Division, ICAR - Central Institute for Research on Cotton Technology, Mumbai, India.; Department of Toxicology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Craiova, Romania.; Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.; Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (i3S), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.; Laboratory of Neuropsychophysiology, Faculty of Psychology and Education Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.; Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Craiova, Romania.

DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1924612

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MeSH Terms: Fibrinolytic Agents, Flavonoids, Health Promotion, Humans, Plant Extracts, Platelet Aggregation, Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors