Sulfur-anchored palm shell waste-based activated carbon for ultrahigh sorption of Hg(II) for in-situ groundwater treatment.

So Yeon Yoon, Seok Byum Jang, Kien Tiek Wong, Hyeseong Kim, Min Ji Kim, Choe Earn Choong, Jae-Kyu Yang, Yoon-Young Chang, Sang-Eun Oh, Yeomin Yoon, Min Jang

Journal: Journal of hazardous materials 2021;417():125995

PMID: 34004581

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Abstract

This study utilized a facile and scalable one-pot wet impregnation method for Hg(II) adsorption to prepare sulfur-anchored palm shell waste activated carbon powder (PSAC-S). The experimental results revealed that the sulfur precursors promote the surface charge on the PSAC and enhance Hg(II) removal via the NaS > NaSO > CHCSNH sequence. PSAC-S prepared using NaS had significant Hg(II) sorption efficiencies, achieving a maximum sorption capacity of 136 mg g from the Freundlich model. Compared to PSAC, PSAC-S had an enhancement in Hg(II) sorption behavior for heterogeneous interactions with sulfur. PSAC-S also demonstrated high Hg(II) sorption capacities over a wide range of solution pH, while ionic strength had an insignificant impact on Hg(II) removal efficiencies. Through various spectroscopic analyses, we identified the mechanisms of Hg(II) removal by PSAC-S as electrostatic interactions, Hg-Cl complexation, and precipitation as HgSO. Moreover, PSAC-S unveiled high adsorption affinity and Hg(II) stability in actual groundwater (even in µg L level). These overall results show the potentials of PSAC-S as an alternative, easily scalable material for in-situ Hg(II) remediation.

Address: Department of Environmental Engineering, Kwangwoon University, 20 Kwangwoon-Ro, Nowon-Gu, Seoul 01897, Republic of Korea.; Department of Environmental Engineering, Kwangwoon University, 20 Kwangwoon-Ro, Nowon-Gu, Seoul 01897, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: [email protected].; Department of Biological Environment, Kangwon National University, 192-1 Hyoja-dong, Gangwon-do, Chuncheon-si 200-701, Republic of Korea.; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of South Carolina, 300 Main Street, Columbia, SC 29208, USA.; Department of Environmental Engineering, Kwangwoon University, 20 Kwangwoon-Ro, Nowon-Gu, Seoul 01897, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: [email protected].

DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.125995

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MeSH Terms: Adsorption, Charcoal, Groundwater, Mercury, Sulfur