Physical activity and sleep: An updated umbrella review of the 2018 Physical Activity Guidelines Advisory Committee report.

Christopher E Kline, Charles H Hillman, Bonny Bloodgood Sheppard, Bethany Tennant, David E Conroy, Richard F Macko, David X Marquez, Steven J Petruzzello, Kenneth E Powell, Kirk I Erickson

Journal: Sleep medicine reviews 2021;58():101489

PMID: 33934046

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Abstract

Physical activity (PA) is widely considered to improve sleep, but a comprehensive review of the research on this topic has not been performed. In this umbrella review, conducted initially for the 2018 Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans Advisory Committee and updated to reflect more recent research, we examined whether PA enhances sleep outcomes across the lifespan as well as among individuals with sleep disorders. Systematic reviews and meta-analyses were utilized to assess the evidence. We also examined dose-response considerations and whether the association between PA and sleep was moderated by various factors (e.g., timing, sociodemographic characteristics). We found strong evidence that both acute bouts of PA and regular PA improved sleep outcomes. Moderate evidence indicated that longer bouts of PA (both acute and regular) improved sleep, and that the effects of PA on sleep outcomes were generally preserved across adult age groups and sex. Finally, moderate evidence demonstrated that PA improved sleep in adults with insomnia symptoms or obstructive sleep apnea. Several important areas in need of future research were also identified. Overall, the review supported the claim that PA improves sleep, but highlighted gaps that need to be addressed to facilitate more widespread utilization of PA for improving sleep.

Address: Department of Health and Human Development, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. Electronic address: [email protected].; Department of Psychology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Physical Therapy, Movement, & Rehabilitation Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA.; ICF Next, Fairfax, VA, USA.; Department of Kinesiology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA.; Department of Neurology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.; Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, Center for Research on Health and Aging, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.; Department of Kinesiology & Community Health, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA.; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (Retired), Atlanta, GA, USA.; Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.

DOI: 10.1016/j.smrv.2021.101489

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MeSH Terms: Adult, Advisory Committees, Exercise, Humans, Sleep