Neuroendocrine Peptides of the Gut and Their Role in the Regulation of Food Intake.

Martha A Schalla, Yvette Taché, Andreas Stengel

Journal: Comprehensive Physiology 2021;11(2):1679-1730

PMID: 33792904

Abstract

The regulation of food intake encompasses complex interplays between the gut and the brain. Among them, the gastrointestinal tract releases different peptides that communicate the metabolic state to specific nuclei in the hindbrain and the hypothalamus. The present overview gives emphasis on seven peptides that are produced by and secreted from specialized enteroendocrine cells along the gastrointestinal tract in relation with the nutritional status. These established modulators of feeding are ghrelin and nesfatin-1 secreted from gastric X/A-like cells, cholecystokinin (CCK) secreted from duodenal I-cells, glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1), oxyntomodulin, and peptide YY (PYY) secreted from intestinal L-cells and uroguanylin (UGN) released from enterochromaffin (EC) cells. © 2021 American Physiological Society. Compr Physiol 11:1679-1730, 2021.

Address: Charité Center for Internal Medicine and Dermatology, Department for Psychosomatic Medicine, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany.; Vatche and Tamar Manoukian Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Medicine, CURE: Digestive Diseases Research Center, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA.; VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, California, USA.; Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Medical University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.

DOI: 10.1002/cphy.c200007

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MeSH Terms: Cholecystokinin, Eating, Glucagon-Like Peptide 1, Oxyntomodulin, Peptide YY