Methods to develop figure rating scales (FRS): A systematic review.

Ranil Jayawardena, Piumika Sooriyaarachchi, Masaharu Kagawa, Andrew P Hills, Neil A King

Journal: Diabetes & metabolic syndrome 2021;15(3):687-693

PMID: 33813243

Full Text on Elsevier Science View on PubMed

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND AIMS

Figure Rating Scales (FRS) are psychometric instruments developed to measure individual's perception of physical appearance and subsequently, to determine the level of body dissatisfaction. The following systematic review summarizes existing FRSs and the techniques used to development them.

METHODS

A systematic search was conducted in the following databases; PubMed®, Web of Science®, Scopus® using key words "figure rating scale" AND "Stunkard".

RESULTS

From 466 potentially relevant articles, 24 publications were included, 22 publications reporting original FRSs with the other two scales being modifications of the original for children and babies. Fifteen were figural drawings or silhouettes and nine were developed by photographic techniques, video methods or using computer software. Most of the figural scales were applicable for adults and consisted of nine images. Ten of the 15 figural scales were without facial features and four scales had minimal facial features. Technological advancements including 3D modeling have played a pivotal role in the development of FRSs.

CONCLUSIONS

FRSs have been developed by a mix of traditional and modern techniques. The development and validation of ethnic specific FRSs using modern technology should be the priority for future studies.

Address: Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Colombo, 00800, Sri Lanka; Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Faculty of Health, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. Electronic address: [email protected].; Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Faculty of Health, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; Health and Wellness Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Colombo, 00800, Sri Lanka.; Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Faculty of Health, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; Institute of Nutrition Sciences, Kagawa Nutrition University, 3-9-21 Chiyoda, Sakado, Saitama, 350-0288, Japan.; School of Health Sciences, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Newnham Drive, Newnham TAS, 7248, Australia.; Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Faculty of Health, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.

DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2021.03.026

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MeSH Terms: Body Dissatisfaction, Body Image, Body Mass Index, Humans, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Psychometrics, Size Perception