De novo domestication of wild species to create crops with increased resilience and nutritional value.

Karla Gasparini, Juliene Dos Reis Moreira, Lázaro Eustáquio Pereira Peres, Agustin Zsögön

Journal: Current opinion in plant biology 2021;60():102006

PMID: 33556879

Full Text on Elsevier Science View on PubMed

Abstract

Creating crops with resistance to drought, soil salinity and insect damage, that simultaneously have higher nutritional quality, is challenging to conventional breeding due to the complex and diffuse genetic basis of those traits. Recent advances in gene editing technology, such as base editors and prime-editing, coupled with a deeper understanding of the genetic basis of domestication delivered by the analysis of crop 'pangenomes', open the exciting prospect of creating novel crops via manipulation of domestication-related genes in wild species. A de novo domestication platform may allow rapid and precise conversion of crop wild relatives into crops, while retaining many of the valuable resilience and nutritional traits left behind during domestication and breeding. Using the Solanaceae family as case in point, we discuss how such a knowledge-driven pipeline could be exploited to contribute to food security over the coming decades.

Address: Laboratory of Plant Developmental Genetics, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Escola Superior de Agricultura "Luiz de Queiroz", Universidade de São Paulo, CP 09, 13418-900, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil.; Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa 36570-900, MG, Brazil.; Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa 36570-900, MG, Brazil. Electronic address: [email protected].

DOI: 10.1016/j.pbi.2021.102006

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MeSH Terms: Crops, Agricultural, Domestication, Gene Editing, Nutritive Value, Plant Breeding