Host, Gender, and Early-Life Factors as Risks for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.

MeiLan K Han, Fernando J Martinez

Journal: Clinics in chest medicine 2020;41(3):329-337

PMID: 32800188

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Abstract

Although smoking results in lung pathology in many, still not all smokers develop chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Roughly a quarter of patients with COPD have never smoked. An understanding of both host and environmental factors beyond smoking that contribute to disease development remain critical to understanding disease prevention and ultimately effectively intervene. In this article, we summarize host factors, including genetics and gender, as well as early-life events that contribute to the development of COPD.

Address: Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Michigan School of Medicine, 3916 Taubman Center, 1500 East Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.; Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Internal Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA. Electronic address: [email protected].

DOI: 10.1016/j.ccm.2020.06.009

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MeSH Terms: Female, Gender Identity, Humans, Male, Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive, Risk Factors