Mediterranean diet and the hallmarks of ageing.

Oliver M Shannon, Ammar W Ashor, Filippo Scialo, Gabriele Saretzki, Carmen Martin-Ruiz, Jose Lara, Jamie Matu, Alex Griffiths, Natassia Robinson, Lionetti Lillà, Emma Stevenson, Blossom C M Stephan, Anne Marie Minihane, Mario Siervo, John C Mathers

Journal: European journal of clinical nutrition 2021;75(8):1176-1192

PMID: 33514872

Full Text on Nature Publishing Group View on PubMed

Abstract

Ageing is a multifactorial process associated with reduced function and increased risk of morbidity and mortality. Recently, nine cellular and molecular hallmarks of ageing have been identified, which characterise the ageing process, and collectively, may be key determinants of the ageing trajectory. These include genomic instability, telomere attrition, epigenetic alterations, loss of proteostasis, deregulated nutrient sensing, mitochondrial dysfunction, cellular senescence, stem cell exhaustion and altered intercellular communication. Healthier dietary patterns reduce the risk of age-related diseases and increase longevity and may influence positively one or more of these hallmarks. The Mediterranean dietary pattern (MedDiet) is a plant-based eating pattern that was typical of countries such as Greece, Spain, and Italy pre-globalisation of the food system and which is associated with better health during ageing. Here we review the potential effects of a MedDiet on each of the nine hallmarks of ageing, and provide evidence that the MedDiet as a whole, or individual elements of this dietary pattern, may influence each hallmark positively-effects which may contribute to the beneficial effects of this dietary pattern on age-related disease risk and longevity. We also highlight potential avenues for future research.

Address: Human Nutrition Research Centre, Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne,, NE2 4HH, UK.; Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Al-Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq.; Biosciences Institute, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne,, NE4 5PL, UK.; Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche Traslazionali, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy.; Biosciences Institute, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne,, NE4 5PL, UK.; Bioscience Institute, Bioscreening Core Facility, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne,, NE4 5PL, UK.; Department of Applied Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne,, NE1 8ST, UK.; School of Clinical Applied Sciences, Leeds Beckett University, Leeds,, LS1 3HE, UK.; Institute for Sport, Physical Activity & Leisure, Leeds Beckett University, Leeds,, LS163QS, UK.; Department of Chemistry and Biology, University of Salerno, via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084, Fisciano, SA, Italy.; Institute of Mental Health, The University of Nottingham Medical School, Nottingham, UK.; Department of Nutrition and Preventive Medicine, Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia (UEA), Norwich, UK.; School of Life Sciences, The University of Nottingham Medical School, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham,, NG7 2UH, UK. [email protected].

DOI: 10.1038/s41430-020-00841-x

Link outs

Free resources

Other Literature Sources:

https://scite.ai/reports/33514872

Subscription / membership required

Full Text Sources:

https://doi.org/10.1038/s41430-020-00841-x

MeSH Terms: Aging, Cellular Senescence, Diet, Mediterranean, Genomic Instability, Humans, Telomere