Synaptotagmin-1: A Multi-Functional Protein that Mediates Vesicle Docking, Priming, and Fusion.

Najeeb Ullah, Ezzouhra El Maaiden, Md Sahab Uddin, Ghulam Md Ashraf

Journal: Current protein & peptide science 2022;22(6):470-478

PMID: 33823763

Abstract

The fusion of secretory vesicles with the plasma membrane depends on the assembly of v-SNAREs (VAMP2/synaptobrevin2) and t-SNAREs (SNAP25/syntaxin1) into the SNARE complex. Vesicles go through several upstream steps, referred to as docking and priming, to gain fusion competence. The vesicular protein synaptotagmin-1 (Syt-1) is the principal Ca sensor for fusion in several central nervous system neurons and neuroendocrine cells and part of the docking complex for secretory granules. Syt-1 binds to the acceptor complex such as synaxin1, SNAP-25 on the plasma membrane to facilitate secretory vesicle docking, and upon Ca-influx, it promotes vesicle fusion. This review assesses the role of the Syt-1 protein involved in the secretory vesicle docking, priming, and fusion.

Address: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China.; Department of Pharmacy, Southeast University, Dhaka, Bangladesh.; Pre-Clinical Research Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.

DOI: 10.2174/1389203722666210325110231

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MeSH Terms: Biological Transport, Calcium, Cell Membrane, Membrane Fusion, Neurons