Chemical Composition and Therapeutic Potential: A Literature-Based Review.

Daniela Calina, Javad Sharifi-Rad, Cristina Quispe, Jesús Herrera-Bravo, Mohammed M Alshehri, Sevgi Durna Daştan, William C Cho, Rajib Hossain, Md Shahazul Islam, Chandan Sarkar, Muhammad Torequl Islam, Miquel Martorell, Natália Cruz-Martins, Ahmed Al-Harrasi, Ahmed Al-Rawahi, Manshuk Ibrayeva

Journal: Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity 2022;2021():1602437

PMID: 34992714

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Abstract

(L.) is used ethnobotanically for the treatment of various diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis, inflammation of the lungs, bleeding cough, hemorrhoids, intestinal diseases, stomach pain, and uterine cancer. This review is aimed at summarizing phytochemistry and pharmacological data with their molecular mechanisms of action. A search was performed in databases such as PubMed, Science Direct, and Google Scholar using the keywords: "," then combined with "ethnopharmacological use," "phytochemistry," and "pharmacological activity." This updated review included studies with in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo experiments with compounds of known concentration and highlighted pharmacological mechanisms. The research results showed that contains many important nutritional and phytochemical components such as alkanes, aldehydes, alkaloids, carotenoids, flavonoids, fatty acids, ketones, lignans, phenolics, terpenoids, steroids, and volatile oil with excellent bioactivity. The importance of this review lies in the fact that scientific pharmacological evidence supports the fact that the plant has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, cytotoxic, antidiarrheal, antihelminthic, antidiabetic, antihyperlipidemic, and antinociceptive effects, while protecting the gastrointestinal system and reproductive. Regarding future toxicological and safety data, more research is needed, including studies on human subjects. In light of these data, can be considered a medicinal plant with effective bioactives for the adjuvant treatment of various diseases in humans.

Address: Department of Pharmacy, Life Science Faculty, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj 8100, Bangladesh.; Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Arturo Prat, Avda. Arturo Prat 2120, Iquique 1110939, Chile.; Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Santo Tomas, Chile.; Center of Molecular Biology and Pharmacogenetics, Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile.; Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Pharmacy, And Centre for Healthy Living, University of Concepción, 4070386 Concepción, Chile.; Universidad de Concepción, Unidad de Desarrollo Tecnológico, UDT, Concepción 4070386, Chile.; Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Alameda Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, Portugal.; Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (i3S), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.; Institute of Research and Advanced Training in Health Sciences and Technologies (CESPU), Rua Central de Gandra, 1317, 4585-116 Gandra PRD, Portugal.; TOXRUN - Toxicology Research Unit, University Institute of Health Sciences, CESPU, CRL, 4585-116 Gandra, Portugal.; Natural and Medical Sciences Research Centre, University of Nizwa, Birkat Almouz, 616, Oman.; Facultad de Medicina, Universidad del Azuay, Cuenca, Ecuador.; Faculty of Science and Technology, The Caspian University of Technology and Engineering Named after Sh. Yessenov, Aktau, Kazakhstan.; Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, 58140 Sivas, Turkey.; Beekeeping Development Application and Research Center, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, 58140 Sivas, Turkey.; Pharmaceutical Care Department, Ministry of National Guard-Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.; Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania.; Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Kowloon, Hong Kong.

DOI: 10.1155/2021/1602437

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MeSH Terms: Antioxidants, Ethnopharmacology, Herbal Medicine, Humans, Phytochemicals