Hydroquinone: myths and reality.

T Searle, F Al-Niaimi, F R Ali

Journal: Clinical and experimental dermatology 2021;46(4):636-640

PMID: 33159818

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Abstract

Hydroquinone has pharmacological uses in disorders of pigmentation because of its ability to competitively inhibit the enzyme tyrosinase. Our contemporary review presents the strongest evidence supporting the use of hydroquinone with the most effective and tolerable formulations combining hydroquinone, retinoid and corticosteroid (modified Kligman formula or 'triple combination cream'). The risk of exogenous ochronosis is low if prescribed concentrations of ≤ 5 for a limited period with regular monitoring. Dermatologists should reassure patients that with controlled use, hydroquinone can be well-tolerated and safe for a range of hyperpigmentary conditions.

Address: University of Birmingham Medical School, Birmingham, UK.; Department of Dermatology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark.; St John's Institute of Dermatology, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.; Vernova Healthcare CIC, Macclesfield, UK.

DOI: 10.1111/ced.14480

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MeSH Terms: Administration, Cutaneous, Adrenal Cortex Hormones, Drug Therapy, Combination, Humans, Hydroquinones, Hyperpigmentation, Monophenol Monooxygenase, Ochronosis, Ointments, Retinoids