Calystegines are Potential Urine Biomarkers for Dietary Exposure to Potato Products.

Manfred Beckmann, Amanda J Lloyd, Thomas Wilson, Duarte P M Torres, Ana C L Goios, Naomi D Willis, Laura Lyons, Helen Phillips, John C Mathers, Robert J Nash, Hazel Sharp, John Draper

Journal: Molecular nutrition & food research 2021;64(20):e2000515

PMID: 32918337

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Abstract

SCOPE

Metabolites derived from specific foods present in urine samples can provide objective biomarkers of food intake (BFIs). This study investigated the possibility that calystegines (a class of iminosugars) may provide BIFs for potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) product exposure.

METHODS AND RESULTS

Calystegine content is examined in published data covering a wide range of potato cultivars. Rapid methods are developed for the quantification of calystegines in cooked potato products and human urine using triple quadrupole mass spectrometry. The potential of calystegines as BFIs for potato consumption is assessed in a controlled food intervention study in the United Kingdom and validated in an epidemiological study in Portugal. Calystegine concentrations are reproducibly above the quantification limit in first morning void urines the day after potato consumption, showing a good dose-response relationship, particularly for calystegine A . The design of the controlled intervention mimicks exposure to a typical UK diet and showed that neither differences in preparation/cooking method or influence of other foods in the diet has significant impact on biomarker performance. Calystegine biomarkers also perform well in the independent validation study.

CONCLUSION

It is concluded that calystegines have many of the characteristics needed to be considered as specific BFIs for potato product intake.

Address: Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth, SY23 3DA, UK.; Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, Porto, 4200-465, Portugal.; Epidemiology Research Unit, Institute of Public Health, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.; Human Nutrition Research Centre, Population Health Sciences Institute, William Leech Building, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK.; PhytoQuest Ltd, Plas Gogerddan, Aberystwyth, Ceredigion, SY23 3EB, UK.

DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202000515

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MeSH Terms: Adult, Biomarkers, Chromatography, Liquid, Female, Food Analysis, Humans, Isomerism, Male, Middle Aged, Nortropanes, Nutrition Surveys, Sensitivity and Specificity, Solanaceous Alkaloids, Solanum tuberosum, Tandem Mass Spectrometry, Tropanes, Young Adult