Host-microbe cross-talk in the lung microenvironment: implications for understanding and treating chronic lung disease.

Reinoud Gosens, Pieter S Hiemstra, Ian M Adcock, Ken R Bracke, Robert P Dickson, Philip M Hansbro, Susanne Krauss-Etschmann, Hermelijn H Smits, Frank R M Stassen, Sabine Bartel

Journal: The European respiratory journal 2021;56(2):1902320

PMID: 32430415

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Abstract

Chronic respiratory diseases are highly prevalent worldwide and will continue to rise in the foreseeable future. Despite intensive efforts over recent decades, the development of novel and effective therapeutic approaches has been slow. However, there is new and increasing evidence that communities of micro-organisms in our body, the human microbiome, are crucially involved in the development and progression of chronic respiratory diseases. Understanding the detailed mechanisms underlying this cross-talk between host and microbiota is critical for development of microbiome- or host-targeted therapeutics and prevention strategies. Here we review and discuss the most recent knowledge on the continuous reciprocal interaction between the host and microbes in health and respiratory disease. Furthermore, we highlight promising developments in microbiome-based therapies and discuss the need to employ more holistic approaches of restoring both the pulmonary niche and the microbial community.

Address: University of Groningen, Dept of Molecular Pharmacology, GRIAC Research Institute, Groningen, The Netherlands.; Dept of Pulmonology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden, The Netherlands.; Airways Disease, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK.; Dept of Respiratory Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium.; Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Dept of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.; Michigan Center for Integrative Research in Critical Care, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.; Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Hunter Medical Research Institute and the University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia.; Centre for Inflammation, Centenary Institute and University of Technology Sydney, Faculty of Science, Sydney, Australia.; Early Life Origins of Chronic Lung Disease, Research Center Borstel, Leibniz Lung Center, Airway Research Center North, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Borstel, Germany.; Institute for Experimental Medicine, Christian-Albrechts-Universitaet zu Kiel, Kiel, Germany.; Dept of Parasitology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.; Dept of Medical Microbiology, NUTRIM - School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands.; Early Life Origins of Chronic Lung Disease, Research Center Borstel, Leibniz Lung Center, Airway Research Center North, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Borstel, Germany [email protected].; University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Dept of Pathology and Medical Biology, GRIAC Research Institute, Groningen, The Netherlands.

DOI: 10.1183/13993003.02320-2019

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MeSH Terms: Humans, Lung, Lung Diseases, Microbiota, Respiration Disorders, Respiratory Tract Diseases