Takeyoshi Yoneyama, Mitsuyoshi Yoshida, Takashi Ohrui, Hideki Mukaiyama, Hiroshi Okamoto, Kanji Hoshiba, Shinichi Ihara, Shozo Yanagisawa, Shiro Ariumi, Tomonori Morita, Yasuro Mizuno, Takayuki Ohsawa, Yasumasa Akagawa, Kenji Hashimoto, Hidetada Sasaki
Journal: Journal of the American Geriatrics Society 2002;50(3):430-3
PMID: 11943036
OBJECTIVES
Aspiration of oral secretions and their bacteria is increasingly being recognized as an important factor in pneumonia. We investigated whether oral care lowers the frequency of pneumonia in institutionalized older people.
DESIGN
Survey.
SETTING
Eleven nursing homes in Japan.
PARTICIPANTS
Four hundred seventeen patients randomly assigned to an oral care group or a no oral care group.
INTERVENTION
Nurses or caregivers cleaned the patients' teeth by toothbrush after each meal. Swabbing with povidone iodine was additionally used in some cases. Dentists or dental hygienists provided professional care once a week.
MEASUREMENTS
Pneumonia, febrile days, death from pneumonia, activities of daily living, and cognitive functions.
RESULTS
During follow-up, pneumonia, febrile days, and death from pneumonia decreased significantly in patients with oral care. Oral care was beneficial in edentate and dentate patients. Activities of daily living and cognitive functions showed a tendency to improve with oral care.
CONCLUSION
We suggest that oral care may be useful in preventing pneumonia in older patients in nursing homes.
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