RES transformation for biosynthesis and detoxification.

Jin-Quan Huang, Jia-Ling Lin, Xiao-Xiang Guo, Xiu Tian, Ye Tian, Xiao-Xia Shangguan, Ling-Jian Wang, Xin Fang, Xiao-Ya Chen

Journal: Science China. Life sciences 2020;63(9):1297-1302

PMID: 32519031

Full Text on Springer View on PubMed

Abstract

The reactive electrophilic species (RES), typically the molecules bearing α,β-unsaturated carbonyl group, are widespread in living organisms and notoriously known for their damaging effects. Many of the mycotoxins released from phytopathogenic fungi are RES and their contamination to cereals threatens food safety worldwide. However, due to their high reactivity, RES are also used by host organisms to synthesize specific metabolites. The evolutionary conserved glyoxalase (GLX) system scavenges the cytotoxic α-oxoaldehydes that bear RES groups, which cause host disorders and diseases. In cotton, a specialized enzyme derived from glyoxalase I (GLXI) through gene duplications and named as specialized GLXI (SPG), acts as a distinct type of aromatase in the gossypol pathway to transform the RES intermediates into the phenolic products. In this review, we briefly introduce the research progress in understanding the RES, especially the RES-type mycotoxins, the GLX system and SPG, and discuss their application potential in detoxification and synthetic biology.

Address: State Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, University of CAS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China.; School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 200031, China.; SIBS-UGENT-SJTU Joint Laboratory of Mycotoxin Research, CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China.; State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China. [email protected].; State Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, University of CAS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China. [email protected].; School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 200031, China. [email protected].; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Resources, Shanghai Chenshan Botanical Garden, Shanghai Chenshan Plant Science Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201602, China. [email protected].

DOI: 10.1007/s11427-020-1729-5

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https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11427-020-1729-5

MeSH Terms: Aromatase, Edible Grain, Food Contamination, Food Safety, Fungi, Humans, Lactoylglutathione Lyase, Mycotoxins, Phenol, Signal Transduction, Trichothecenes