Three phytotoxins produced by Neopestalotiopsis clavispora, the causal agent of ring spot on Kadsura coccinea.

J Xie, J G Wei, K W Wang, J Luo, Y J Wu, J T Luo, X H Yang, X B Yang

Journal: Microbiological research 2021;238():126531

PMID: 32603933

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Abstract

Phytotoxins are widely found in plant pathogens. In recent years, many diseases caused by Neopestalotiopsis clavispora have been reported. To better understand the pathogenicity of N. clavispora, a solid fermentation strategy was employed to isolate and identify virulence factors afritoxinone B, afritoxinone A and oxysporone. The phytotoxic activities of these toxins were evaluated. Oxysporone exhibited high levels of phytotoxic activity after 72 h and the lesion area ranged from 21.5-84.3 mm2 after 9 days of treatment. The phytotoxic activities of the other two compounds were lower than that for oxysporone. The phytotoxic activity towards non-host organisms was also assessed for the three analyzed compounds; phytotoxic activity was observed in each case. Based on these results, we conclude that oxysporone is the main virulence factor in N. clavispora. We also suggest that each of the three compounds were non-host-specific toxins (NHST). To our knowledge, this is the first study to analyze phytotoxins produced by N. clavispora.

Address: National Demonstration Center for Experimental Plant Science Education, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530004, China.; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Plant Science Education, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530004, China. Electronic address: [email protected].; School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310018, China.; Guangxi Academy of Forestry Sciences, Nanning, Guangxi, 530002, China.; Guangxi Forest Pest Management Station, Nanning, Guangxi, 530028, China.; Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA.

DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2020.126531

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MeSH Terms: Ascomycota, Dioxanes, Kadsura, Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy, Mycotoxins, Plant Diseases, Pyrones, Virulence Factors