Diagnosis and treatment of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): Laboratory, PCR, and chest CT imaging findings.

Ebrahim Abbasi-Oshaghi, Fatemeh Mirzaei, Farhad Farahani, Iraj Khodadadi, Heidar Tayebinia

Journal: International journal of surgery (London, England) 2020;79():143-153

PMID: 32422384

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Abstract

Since December 2019, more than 3 million cases of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and about 200,000 deaths have been reported worldwide. The outbreak of this novel disease has become a global health emergency and continues to rapidly spread around the world. Based on the clinical data, approved cases are divided into four classes including mild, moderate, severe, and critical. About 5% of cases were considered critically ill and 14% were considered to have the severe classification of the disease. In China, the fatality rate of this infection was about 4%. This review focuses on currently available information on the etiology, clinical symptoms, diagnosis, and mechanism of action of COVID-19. Furthermore, we present an overview of diagnostic approaches and treatment of this disease according to available findings. This review paper will help the physician to diagnose and successfully treat COVID-19.

Address: Neurophysiology Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran; Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran. Electronic address: [email protected].; Neurophysiology Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran; Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.; Hearing Impairment Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.; Nutrition Health Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.; Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.

DOI: 10.1016/j.ijsu.2020.05.018

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MeSH Terms: Antiviral Agents, Betacoronavirus, COVID-19, COVID-19 Testing, China, Clinical Laboratory Techniques, Coronavirus Infections, Critical Illness, Humans, Infectious Disease Transmission, Professional-to-Patient, Lung, Pandemics, Pneumonia, Viral, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Risk Factors, SARS-CoV-2, Tomography, X-Ray Computed, COVID-19 Drug Treatment