Association of rs670 variant of APOA-1 gene with cardiometabolic markers after consuming sesame, canola and sesame-canola oils in adults with and without type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Nahid Ramezani-Jolfaie, Shiva Aghaei, Ehsan Farashahi Yazd, Ali Moradi, Hassan Mozaffari-Khosravi, Alireza Zimorovat, Hamidreza Raeisi-Dehkordi, Fatemeh Moghtaderi, Mojgan Amiri, Seyed Ali Yasini Ardakani, Amin Salehi-Abargouei

Journal: Clinical nutrition ESPEN 2021;38():129-137

PMID: 32690147

Full Text on Elsevier Science View on PubMed

Abstract

BACKGROUND & AIMS

The inter-individual variations of the metabolic markers in response to dietary interventions may be mediated by genetic factors. We examined whether the type of dietary oils can modulate the effects of -75G/A polymorphism in APOA-1 gene on cardiometabolic markers.

METHODS

This study was a randomized, triple-blind, cross-over clinical trial. Participants with and without type 2 diabetes were randomly assigned to replace their regular oil with sesame oil, canola oil and sesame-canola oil for 9 weeks. Genotyping was conducted using the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method.

RESULTS

Ninety-five diabetes patients and 73 healthy individuals completed the study protocol. In patients with type 2 diabetes, the A allele carriers experienced greater decrease in systolic blood pressure compared with GG homozygotes following sesame-canola oil intake. Serum levels of HDL-C and TG: HDL ratio was increased and decreased following canola oil intake in patients carrying the A allele rather than non-A allele carriers, respectively. More reductions for risk of cardiovascular diseases and mortality, except risk of stroke were found in the A allele carriers compared with GG homozygotes after intakes of canola and sesame-canola oils, but not sesame oil. There was also a significant genotype effect as well as genotype-dietary oil interactions on cardiovascular risk scores. In healthy individuals, a considerable decrease in visceral fat was accompanied by a significant increase in HDL-C levels in the A allele carriers compared with non-A allele carriers after sesame oil intake.

CONCLUSION

Patients with diabetes carrying the A allele might benefit from canola and sesame-canola oils intakes, and healthy A allele carriers from sesame and sesame-canola oils intakes as well. Future clinical trials are recommended to warrant current findings.

Address: Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran; Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.; Stem Cell Biology Research Center, Yazd Reproductive Sciences Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.; Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran; Yazd Diabetic Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.; Department of Food Science and Technology, Islamic Azad University, Yazd, Iran.; Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran; Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran. Electronic address: [email protected].

DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2020.05.016

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MeSH Terms: Adult, Apolipoprotein A-I, Cardiovascular Diseases, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Humans, Rapeseed Oil, Sesamum