Effects of Cynara scolymus L. on glycemic indices:A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials.

Cyrus Jalili, Sajjad Moradi, Atefeh Babaei, Behnoosh Boozari, Omid Asbaghi, Anastasia-Viktoria Lazaridi, Mohammad Ali Hojjati Kermani, Maryam Miraghajani

Journal: Complementary therapies in medicine 2021;52():102496

PMID: 32951745

Full Text on Elsevier Science View on PubMed

Abstract

OBJECTIVES

Cynara scolymus L. (common artichoke) and its products have been considered as potential phytotherapeutic agents for various conditions, such as cardiovascular, hepatic and gastric diseases, among others. Until now, the effects of artichoke and artichoke products administration on glycemic indices have not been sufficiently appraised. The present study evaluated the effects of artichoke and artichoke products administration on the glycemic indices.

METHODS

Clinical trials were identified in the Cochrane Library, PubMed, Embase and Scopus databases; to infinity until 15 March 2020. Weighted mean differences (WMD) were pooled using a random-effects model. Heterogeneity, sensitivity analysis and publication bias were reported using standard methods.

RESULTS

Pooled analysis of nine Randomized controlled trials (RCTs), demonstrated that the administration of artichoke and artichoke products led to a significant reduced fasting blood sugar (FBS) (WMD: -5.28 mg/dl, 95 % CI: -8.95, -1.61; p = 0.005). However, other glycemic indeces including fasting insulin (WMD: -0.45 μIU/dL, 95 % CI: -1.14, 0.25; p = 0.20), HOMA-IR (MD: -0.25, 95 % CI: -0.57, 0.07; p = 0.12) or Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) (WMD: -0.09, 95 % CI: -0.20, 0.02; p = 0.09) did not alter after the administration of artichoke and artichoke products. A subgroup analysis comparing the kind of intervention, revealed that just the supplementation of artichoke and artichoke products, in a noco-supplementation form, was efficacy for the reduction of Homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) (WMD: -0.52, 95 % CI: -0.85, -0.19; p = 0.002).

CONCLUSIONS

The supplementation of artichoke and artichoke products can significantly reduce the FBS concentrations in humans. Moreover, these outcomes suggested that just the supplementation of artichoke and artichoke products is more effective in the reduction of HOMA-IR levels than the co-supplementation form. However, additional clinical trials with longer study periods are necessitated to obtain a robust conclusion for producing new guidelines as part of a healthy diet.

Address: Medical Biology Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.; Halal Research Center of IRI, FDA, Tehran, Iran; Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran. Electronic address: [email protected].; Medical Biology Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran; Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.; Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.; Student Research Committee, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran.; The Early Life Research Unit, Academic Division of Child Health, Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Medical School, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2UH, United Kingdom.; Clinical Tuberculosis and Epidemiology Research Center, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Masih Daneshvari Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; Cancer Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; The Early Life Research Unit, Academic Division of Child Health, Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Medical School, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2UH, United Kingdom. Electronic address: [email protected].

DOI: 10.1016/j.ctim.2020.102496

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MeSH Terms: Blood Glucose, Cynara scolymus, Dietary Supplements, Glycated Hemoglobin, Glycemic Index, Humans, Insulin, Insulin Resistance, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic