The role of multiparametric ultrasound in the diagnosis of paediatric scrotal pathology.

Dean Y Huang, Filippo Pesapane, Vasileios Rafailidis, Annamaria Deganello, Maria E Sellars, Paul S Sidhu

Journal: The British journal of radiology 2020;93(1110):20200063

PMID: 32271626

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Abstract

Multiparametric ultrasound (MPUS), combining conventional techniques (greyscale and colour Doppler ultrasound), ultrasound strain elastography, and contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS), has been successfully used in the assessment of adult scrotal pathology. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound can confidently establish testicular tissue vascularity even in the small-volume paediatric testis. Elastography provides further assessment of tissue stiffness, potentially adding useful diagnostic information. In children, ultrasonography is particularly advantageous, being safe, radiation-free and negating the need for sedation or general anaesthesia during the imaging evaluation. In this review article, we aim to familiarise readers with the MPUS scanning protocol used for paediatric scrotal examination and provide an overview of scrotal MPUS features, with particular focus to clinical indications where MPUS may be advantageous over conventional ultrasonography.

Address: Department of Radiology, King's College Hospital, London. Denmark Hill, London SE5 9RS U.K, United Kingdom.; Breast Imaging Division, IEO European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Via Giuseppe Ripamonti 435, 20141, Milan, Italy.

DOI: 10.1259/bjr.20200063

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MeSH Terms: Abscess, Adolescent, Age Factors, Child, Contraindications, Drug, Contrast Media, Cysts, Echocardiography, Doppler, Color, Elasticity Imaging Techniques, Epididymitis, Genital Diseases, Male, Humans, Infant, Newborn, Infarction, Lipoma, Male, Phospholipids, Scrotum, Spermatic Cord Torsion, Sulfur Hexafluoride, Testicular Neoplasms, Testis, Ultrasonography