Aromatic Amino Acids: A Complex Network Ripe for Future Exploration.

Joseph H Lynch, Natalia Dudareva

Journal: Trends in plant science 2020;25(7):670-681

PMID: 32526172

Full Text on Elsevier Science View on PubMed

Abstract

In plants, high carbon flux is committed to the biosynthesis of phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan, owing to their roles not only in the production of proteins, but also as precursors to thousands of primary and specialized metabolites. The core plastidial pathways that supply the majority of aromatic amino acids (AAAs) have previously been described in detail. More recently, the discovery of cytosolic enzymes contributing to overall AAA biosynthesis, as well as the identification of intracellular transporters and the continuing elucidation of transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulatory mechanisms, have revealed the complexity of this intercompartmental metabolic network. Here, we review the latest breakthroughs in AAA production and use the newest findings to highlight both longstanding and newly developed questions.

Address: Department of Biochemistry, Purdue University, 175 South University St., West Lafayette, IN 47907-2063, USA.; Purdue Center for Plant Biology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA. Electronic address: [email protected].

DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2020.02.005

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MeSH Terms: Amino Acids, Aromatic, Metabolic Networks and Pathways, Phenylalanine, Plants, Tyrosine