Effects of Three Months of Detraining on the Health Profile of Older Women after a Multicomponent Exercise Program.

Luis Leitão, Ana Pereira, Mauro Mazini, Gabriela Venturini, Yuri Campos, João Vieira, Jefferson Novaes, Jeferson Vianna, Sandro da Silva, Hugo Louro

Journal: International journal of environmental research and public health 2020;16(20):3881

PMID: 31614946

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Abstract

Physical exercise results in very important benefits including preventing disease and promoting the quality of life of older individuals. Common interruptions and training cessation are associated with the loss of total health profile, and specifically cardiorespiratory fitness. Would detraining (DT) promote different effects in the cardiorespiratory and health profiles of trained and sedentary older women? Forty-seven older women were divided into an experimental group (EG) and a control group (CG) (EG: n = 28, 70.3 ± 2.3 years; CG: n = 19, 70.1 ± 5.6 years). Oxygen uptake (VO and health profile assessments were conducted after the exercise program and after three months of detraining. The EG followed a nine-month multicomponent exercise program before a three-month detraining period. The CG maintained their normal activities. Repeated measures ANOVA showed significant increases in total heath and VO ( < 0.01) profile over a nine-month exercise period in the EG and no significant increases in the CG. DT led to greater negative effects on total cholesterol (4.35%, < 0.01), triglycerides (3.89%, < 0.01), glucose (4.96%, < 0.01), resting heart rate (5.15%, < 0.01), systolic blood pressure (4.13%, < 0.01), diastolic blood pressure (3.38%, < 0.01), the six-minute walk test (7.57%, < 0.01), Pulmonary Ventilation (VE) (10.16%, < 0.01), the Respiratory Exchange Ratio (RER) (9.78, < 0.05), and VO/heart rate (HR) (16.08%, < 0.01) in the EG. DT may induce greater declines in total health profile and in VO, mediated, in part, by the effectiveness of multicomponent training particularly developed for older women.

Address: Sciences and Technology Department, Superior School of Education of Polytechnic Institute of Setubal, 2910-761 Setúbal, Portugal. [email protected].; Sciences and Technology Department, Superior School of Education of Polytechnic Institute of Setubal, 2910-761 Setúbal, Portugal. [email protected].; Graduate Program of Physical Education of Cataguases-Sudamerica Faculty, Cataguases 36774-552, Brazil. [email protected].; Faculty of Physical Education Sports, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, São Pedro 36036-900, Brazil. [email protected].; Laboratory of Physical Activity and Health Promotion-Labsau-Postgraduate Program in Sport and Exercise Science from the Institute of Physical Education and Sport, University of Rio de Janeiro State, Rio de Janeiro 21941-599, Brazil. [email protected].; Faculty of Physical Education Sports, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, São Pedro 36036-900, Brazil. [email protected].; Studies Research Group in Neuromuscular Responses, University of Lavras, Lavras 37200-000, Brazil. [email protected].; Faculty of Physical Education Sports, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, São Pedro 36036-900, Brazil. [email protected].; Faculty of Physical Education Sports, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, São Pedro 36036-900, Brazil. [email protected].; Faculty of Physical Education and Sports, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-901, Brazil. [email protected].; Faculty of Physical Education Sports, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, São Pedro 36036-900, Brazil. [email protected].; Studies Research Group in Neuromuscular Responses, University of Lavras, Lavras 37200-000, Brazil. [email protected].; Sciences and Technology Department, Superior School of Education of Polytechnic Institute of Setubal, 2910-761 Setúbal, Portugal. [email protected].; Sports Science School of Rio Maior, Polytechnic Institute of Santarém, 2040-413 Rio Maior, Portugal. [email protected].

DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16203881

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MeSH Terms: Aged, Cardiorespiratory Fitness, Exercise, Female, Heart Rate, Humans, Physical Fitness, Pulmonary Ventilation, Quality of Life, Time Factors