Associations of autozygosity with a broad range of human phenotypes.

Address: Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9AG, Scotland.; Department of Statistical Genetics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.; Laboratory for Statistical Analysis, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan.; Laboratory of Statistical Immunology, Immunology Frontier Research Center (WPI-IFReC), Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.; deCODE genetics/Amgen Inc., Reykjavik 101, Iceland.; Bradford Institute for Health Research, Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Bradford, BD96RJ, UK.; Research Unit, Area Science Park, Trieste, 34149, Italy.; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy.; Unit of Public Health Solutions, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland.; Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.; Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7LF, UK.; MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK.; Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK.; Department of Genetics, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands, Groningen, Groningen, 9700 RB, The Netherlands.; Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27514, USA.; The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Ichan School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA.; Division of Genomic Outcomes, Department of Pediatrics, The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, LABioMed at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California, 90502, USA.; Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, W2 1PG, UK.; Department of Cardiology, Ealing Hospital, Middlesex, Middlesex, UB1 3HW, UK.; Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015 CN, Netherlands.; Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015 CN, Netherlands.; The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015 CN, The Netherlands.; Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, 17177, Sweden.; Institute for Social and Economic Research, University of Essex, Colchester, CO4 3SQ, UK.; Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Departments of Biostatistics and Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98101, USA.; Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, 85764, Germany.; Institute of Molecular Genetics, National Research Council of Italy, Pavia, 27100, Italy.; Department of Biochemistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, 9054, New Zealand.; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy.; Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore, 117549, Singapore.; Department of Computational Biology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, 1011, Switzerland.; Center for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.; Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland.; Division of Human Genetics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.; Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.; Department of Neurology, Brain Centre Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, 3584 CX, The Netherlands.; Genomics Research Centre, School of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, 4059, Australia.; Malaghan Institute of Medical Research, Wellington, 6242, New Zealand.; Institute for Biomedicine, Eurac Research, Affiliated Institute of the University of Lübeck, Bolzano, 39100, Italy.; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, W2 1PG, UK.; MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Imperial College London, London, W2 1PG, UK.; INSERM UMR_S 1166, Sorbonne Universités, Paris, 75013, France.; ICAN Institute for Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Paris, 75013, France.; QIMR Berghofer Institute of Medical Research, Brisbane, Australia.; Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, 2333 ZA, The Netherlands.; Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ, UK.; Centre for Genomic & Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics & Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK.; Clinical Division of Neurogeriatrics, Department of Neurology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, 8036, Austria.; Institute of Medical Informatics, Statistics and Documentation, Medical University of Graz, Graz, 8036, Austria.; CONACyT, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico, 03940, México.; Department of Human Genetics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA.; Department of Complex Trait Genetics, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, 1081 HV, The Netherlands.; Alzheimer Center Department of Neurology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, 1081HV, The Netherlands.; Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, 17475, Germany.; Chair of Experimental Bioinformatics, TUM School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich, Freising-Weihenstephan, 85354, Germany.; Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, 75108, Uppsala, Sweden.; Vth Department of Medicine (Nephrology, Hypertensiology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology, Diabetology), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, 68167, Germany.; Cancer Genomics Research Laboratory, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Lab for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, USA.; Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK.; Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, Graduate school of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan.; Department of Molecular Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany.; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany.; Medical Research Institute, Ninewells Hospital and School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK.; Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA.; Program for Personalized and Genomic Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA.; Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, 9700 RB, The Netherlands.; Institute for Cardiogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, 23562, Germany.; DZHK (German Research Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Lübeck/Kiel, Lübeck, 23562, Germany.; University Heart Center Luebeck, Lübeck, 23562, Germany.; Charité - University Medicine Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Institute for Dental and Craniofacial Sciences, Department of Periodontology and Synoptic Dentistry, Berlin, Germany.; Institute of Genetics and Biophysics A. Buzzati-Traverso - CNR, Naples, 80131, Italy.; Finnish Institute for Molecular Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.; Genomics and Molecular Medicine Unit, CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, New Delhi, 110020, India.; Department of Clinical Sciences, Diabetes and Endocrinology, Lund University Diabetes Centre, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, 20502, Sweden.; Genomic Research on Complex diseases (GRC Group), CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500007, India.; ePhood Scientific Unit, ePhood SRL, Bresso (Milano), 20091, Italy.; Department of Health Sciences, University of Milano, Milano, 20139, Italy.; Department of Health Sciences, University of Milano, Milano, 20139, Italy.; Neuroalgology Unit, IRCCS Foundation Carlo Besta Neurological Institute, Milano, 20133, Italy.; Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA.; Center for Research on Genomics and Global Health, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, 20892-5635, USA.; Department of Epidemiology Research, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, DK-2300, Denmark.; Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, 201, Iceland.; Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, 101, Iceland.; Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015 CN, Netherlands.; Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.; Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8RZ, UK.; Cardiovascular Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine Solna, Centre for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, 171 76, Sweden.; Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore City, Maryland, 21224, USA.; Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, 2300 RC, the Netherlands.; Section of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, 2300RC, the Netherlands.; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.; Program in Genetic Epidemiology and Statistical Genetics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.; University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Cardiology, Ther Netherlands, Groningen, 9713 GZ, the Netherlands.; Italian Institute for Genomic Medicine (IIGM) and Dept. Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Italy, Turin, 10126, Italy.; Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, 63110-1093, USA.; NIHR Barts Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Centre, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK.; Department of Clinical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK.; MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 2BN, UK.; School of Psychological Science, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TU, UK.; Department of Medicine, GeneSTAR Research Program, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA.; Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine Qatar, Doha, Qatar.; Computer and Systems Engineering, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.; Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, W2 1PG, UK.; Departamento de Endocrinología y Metabolismo, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico, 14080, México.; Unidad de Investigacion de Enfermades Metabolicas, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Monterrey, N.L., 64710, México.; Laboratory for Statistical Analysis, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan.; Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan.; Immunobiology of Dendritic Cells, Institut Pasteur, Paris, 75015, France.; Inserm U1223, Paris, 75015, France.; Centre for Translational Research, Institut Pasteur, Paris, 75015, France.; Department of Cancer Immunology, Genentech Inc, San Francisco, California, 94080, USA.; Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, UC San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, California, 92093, USA.; Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, University of Tartu, Tartu, 51010, Estonia.; Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore, 169856, Singapore.; Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program (Eye ACP), Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore, 169857, Singapore.; Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore, 119228, SG, Singapore.; Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 19839-63113, Iran.; Department of Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany.; Health Science Center at Houston, UTHealth School of Public Health, University of Texas, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.; USC-Office of Population Studies Foundation, Inc., Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Talamban, University of San Carlos, Cebu City, 6000, Cebu, Philippines.; Department of Vascular Surgery, Division of Surgical Specialties, University Medical Center Utrecht, University of Utrecht, Utrecht, Utrecht, 3584 CX, Netherlands.; The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Ichan School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA.; Digital Health Center, Hasso Plattner Institute, Universität Potsdam, Potsdam, 14482, Germany.; Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015 CN, Netherlands.; Division of Cancer Epidemiology & Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.; Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore, 169856, Singapore.; Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan, Taiwan.; Institute for Maternal and Child Health - IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, 34137, Italy.; National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, 20892, USA.; Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ, UK.; Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, 7 George Square, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ, UK.; Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore, 117549, Singapore.; Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 119228, SG, Singapore.; Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, 02115, USA.; Clinical Division of Neurogeriatrics, Department of Neurology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, 8036, Austria.; Cellular and Molecular Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 19839-63113, Iran.; MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK.; Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015 CN, Netherlands.; Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, 02115, USA.; Department of Internal Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA.; MEMO Research, Molecular and Clinical Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, DD19SY, UK.; Department of Internal Medicine B, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, 17475, Germany.; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, 17475, Germany.; Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, KSA, 12713, Saudi Arabia.; deCODE genetics/Amgen Inc., Reykjavik 101, Iceland.; Department of Anthropology, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, 101, Iceland.; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, W2 1PG, UK.; MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Imperial College London, London, W2 1PG, UK.; National Institute for Health Research Imperial Biomedical Research Centre, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust and Imperial College London, London, UK.; UK Dementia Research Institute (UK DRI) at Imperial College London, London, UK.; Health Data Research UK - London, London, England.; Department of Internal Medicine B, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, 17475, Germany.; Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015 CN, Netherlands.; The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015 CN, The Netherlands.; Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015CN, The Netherlands.; Section on Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27101, US.; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy.; Medical Genetics, Institute for Maternal and Child Health - IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy.; Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK.; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK.; Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, 90048, USA.; Braun School of Public Health, Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel.; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.; deCODE genetics/Amgen Inc., Reykjavik 101, Iceland.; School of Engineering and Natural Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, 101, Iceland.; Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China.; Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ, UK.; Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, 7 George Square, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ, UK.; Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, SE5 8AF, UK.; Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, 90089, USA.; Blizard Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, E1 2AT, UK.; Laboratory of Genome Technology, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan.; Laboratory of Clinical Chemistry and Hematology, Division Laboratories and Pharmacy, University Medical Center Utrecht, University of Utrecht, Utrecht, Utrecht, 3584 CX, Netherlands.; Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory Of Medical Genomics, Rui-jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China, 200025, China.; Division of Endocrine and Metabolism, Tri-Service General Hospital Songshan branch, Taipei, Taiwan, Taiwan.; School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Taiwan.; Unit of Public Health Promotion, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland.; Laboratory for Statistical Analysis, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan.; Center for Genomic Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan.; Department of Statistical Genetics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.; Laboratory for Statistical Analysis, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan.; Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.; Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Klinik für Herz- und Kreislauferkrankungen, Technische Universität München, Munich, 80636, Germany.; Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0SR, UK.; Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore, 169856, Singapore.; Human Genetics, Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore, 138672, Singapore.; Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore, 117549, Singapore.; Health Services and Systems Research, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore, 169857.; Centre for Global Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Split, Split, Croatia.; Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, 02115, USA.; Center for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.; Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland.; Institute of Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.; Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland.; MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 2BN, UK.; Bristol NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Bristol, BS8 2BN, UK.; Population Health Science, Bristol Medical School, Bristol, BS8 2BY, UK.; Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, Taiwan.; School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, Taipei, 112, Taiwan.; School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, Taichung City, 402, Taiwan.; Department of Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, Taiwan.; Department of Internal Medicine A, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, 17475, Germany.; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Peking University Health Science Centre, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China.; Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 119228, SG, Singapore.; Human Genetics, Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore, 138672, Singapore.; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, W2 1PG, UK.; Translational Laboratory in Genetic Medicine, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore (A*STAR), Singapore, 138648, Singapore.; Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore, 117596, Singapore.; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Research Triangle Park, Durham, NC, 27709, USA.; Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.; Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA.; Genomics of Renal Diseases and Hypertension Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Università Vita Salute San Raffaele, Milano, 20132, Italy.; Laboratory for Statistical Analysis, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan.; Helmholtz Zentrum München, Independent Research Group Clinical Epidemiology, Neuherberg, 85764, Germany.; Institute of Human Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, Neuherberg, 85764, Germany.; Institute of Human Genetics, Technical University of Munich, Munich, 81675, Germany.; DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, 80802, Germany.; Medical Genetics, Institute for Maternal and Child Health - IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy.; Estonian Genome Center, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, 51010, Estonia.; Laboratory for Genotyping Development, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan.; Laboratory of Haematology, La Timone Hospital, Marseille, France.; INSERM UMR_S 1263, Center for CardioVascular and Nutrition research (C2VN), Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France.; Departamento de Economía, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Mexico, 09340, México.; Medical School, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia/Australia, 6009, Australia.; The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, Houston, Texas, 77030, USA.; Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015 CN, Netherlands.; Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine (ISPM), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.; Division of Molecular Pathology, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan.; The Institute of Medical Sciences, Aberdeen Biomedical Imaging Centre, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, AB25 2ZD, UK.; Laboratory of Neurogenetics, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.; Data Tecnica International LLC, Glen Echo, MD, 20812, USA.; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, 17475, Germany.; Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, 17475, Germany.; Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Headington, Oxford, OX3 7LJ, UK.; Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford University Hospitals Trust, Oxford, UK.; MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK.; Department of Paediatrics, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK.; Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, Mexico, 14610, México.; Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8TA, UK.; Division of Epidemiology & Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55454, USA.; Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, 7 George Square, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ, UK.; Centre for Global Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Split, Split, Croatia.; Gen-info Ltd, Zagreb, Croatia, Zagreb, Select a Province, 10000, Croatia.; International Centre for Circulatory Health, Imperial College London, London, W2 1PG, UK.; Imperial Clinical Trials Unit, Imperial College London, London, London, W12 7TA, UK.; Human Evolutionary Genetics Unit, Institut Pasteur, Paris, 75015, France.; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) UMR2000, Paris, 75015, France.; Center of Bioinformatics, Biostatistics and Integrative Biology, Institut Pasteur, Paris, 75015, France.; Department of Psychology and Logopedics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, 00014, Finland.; Hero Heart Institute and Dyanand Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, Punjab, India.; Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.; Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.; Department of Applied Economics, Erasmus School of Economics, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, 3062 PA, The Netherlands.; Erasmus University Rotterdam Institute for Behavior and Biology, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, 3062 PA, The Netherlands.; Institute of Genetics and Biophysics A. Buzzati-Traverso - CNR, Naples, 80131, Italy.; IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli (IS), 86077, Italy.; Gottfried Schatz Research Center (for Cell Signaling, Metabolism and Aging), Division of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, 8010, Graz, Austria.; Cardiovascular Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine Solna, Centre for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, 171 76, Sweden.; Unit of Genomics of Complex Diseases, Institut de Recerca Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IIB-Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain.; San Raffaele Research Institute, Milano, Italy.; Department of Public Health Solutions, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, FI-00271, Finland.; Department of Biostatistics, and Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 48109, USA.; Cardiovascular Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine Solna, Centre for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, 171 76, Sweden.; Dept of Cell and Molecular Biology, National Bioinformatics Infrastructure Sweden, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, SE-752 37, Uppsala, Sweden.; Department of Cardiology, Division Heart & Lungs, University Medical Center Utrecht, University of Utrecht, Utrecht, Utrecht, 3485 CX, Netherlands.; International Centre for Circulatory Health, Imperial College London, London, W2 1PG, UK.; School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Taiwan.; Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, Taiwan.; School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, Taiwan.; Institute of Medical Technology, National Chung-Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan, Taiwan.; Genomic Research on Complex diseases (GRC Group), CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500007, India.; School of Basic and Applied Sciences, Dayananda Sagar University, Bangalore, Karnataka, 560078, India.; Diabetes Unit, KEM Hospital and Research Centre, Pune, Maharashtra, 411101, India.; Symbiosis Statistical Institute, Symbiosis International University, Pune, Maharashtra, 411007, India.; Panjab University, Chandigarh, India.; Division of Population Health Sciences, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee, DD1 9SY, UK.; Institute of Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.; RCSI Molecular & Cellular Therapeutics (MCT), Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, RCSI Education & Research Centre, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin 9, Ireland.; Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ, UK.; Alzheimer Scotland Dementia Research Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ, Scotland.; School of Physiotherapy and Exercise Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia/Australia, 6102, Australia.; Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015 CN, Netherlands.; Department of Respiratory Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, 9000, Belgium.; Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore, 169856, Singapore.; Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program (Eye ACP), Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore, 169857, Singapore.; deCODE genetics/Amgen Inc., Reykjavik 101, Iceland.; Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, 101, Iceland.; Department of Pathology, University of Vermont, Colchester, VT, 05446, USA.; Departamento de Medicina Genómica y Toxicología Ambiental, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, UNAM, Mexico, 04510, México.; Unidad De Biología Molecular y Medicina Genómica, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico, 14080, México.; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, W2 1PG, UK.; MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Imperial College London, London, W2 1PG, UK.; Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of Ioannina Medical School, Ioannina, 45110, Greece.; Institute of Genetic and Biomedical Research - Support Unity, National Research Council of Italy, Rome, Italy.; MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, Scotland.; Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, 17475, Germany.; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, 17475, Germany.; Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, FI-00014, Finland.; Department of Cardiology, Hero DMC Heart Institute, Dayanand Medical College & Hospital, Ludhiana, Punjab, 141001, India.; Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Ophthalmology and Visual Science Key Lab, Beijing, China, 100005, China.; Centre for Population Health Sciences, Usher Institute of Population Health and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9AG, Scotland.; Diabetes Unit, K.E.M. Hospital Research Centre, Pune, MAH, 411011, India.; Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.; Department of Cardiology, Division Heart & Lungs, University Medical Center Utrecht, University of Utrecht, Utrecht, Utrecht, 3584 CX, Netherlands.; Institute of Cardiovascular Science, Faculty of Population Health Sciences, University College London, London, WC1E 6DD, UK.; Durrer Center for Cardiovascular Research, Netherlands Heart Institute, Utrecht, Netherlands.; Farr Institute of Health Informatics Research and Institute of Health Informatics, University College London, London, UK.; Department of Internal Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, 9713GZ, The Netherlands.; Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA.; Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA.; Systems Genomics Laboratory, School of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India.; Center for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.; Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiane, 70808, USA.; Center for Applied Genomics, Division of Human Genetics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.; Quantinuum Research LLC, San Diego, CA, 92101, USA.; Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98101, USA.; Centre for Genomic & Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics & Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK.; Center for Experimental Social Science, Department of Economics, New York University, New York, New York, 10012, USA.; Research Institute for Industrial Economics (IFN), Stockholm, 102 15, Sweden.; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, W2 1PG, UK.; Department of Cardiology, Ealing Hospital, Middlesex, Middlesex, UB1 3HW, UK.; MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Imperial College London, London, W2 1PG, UK.; Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 308232, Singapore.; Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, London, W12 0HS, UK.; Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA.; Department of Health Sciences, University of Milano, Milano, 20139, Italy.; Institute of Biomedical Technologies Milano, National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Segrate (Milano), 20090, Italy.; Bio4Dreams Scientific Unit, Bio4Dreams SRL, Bio4Dreams - business nursery for life sciences, Milano, 20121, Italy.; MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 2BN, UK.; Population Health Science, Bristol Medical School, Bristol, BS8 2BY, UK.; Human Genetics, Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore, 138672, Singapore.; Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7LF, UK.; Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015 CN, Netherlands.; Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, 24105, Kiel, Germany.; Institute for Cardiogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, 23562, Germany.; Department of General Practice and Primary health Care, University of Helsinki, Tukholmankatu 8 B, Helsinki, 00014, Finland.; National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland.; Unit of General Practice, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.; Folkhälsan Research Centre, Helsinki, Finland.; Vasa Central Hospital, Vaasa, Finland.; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, W2 1PG, UK.; Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of Ioannina Medical School, Ioannina, 45110, Greece.; Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48014, USA.; Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada.; Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, 85764, Germany.; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany.; Centro de Estudios en Diabetes, Unidad de Investigacion en Diabetes y Riesgo Cardiovascular, Centro de Investigacion en Salud Poblacional, Instituto Nacional de Salud Publica, Cuernavaca, 01120, México.; Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.; Center for Applied Genomics, Division of Human Genetics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.; Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.; Genomics Research Centre, School of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, 4059, Australia.; Finnish Institute for Molecular Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.; Department of Clinical Sciences, Diabetes and Endocrinology, Lund University Diabetes Centre, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, 20502, Sweden.; Center for Applied Genomics, Division of Human Genetics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.; Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.; Cardiovascular Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine Solna, Centre for Molecular Medicine, Stockholm, 171 76, Sweden.; Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.; Khoo Teck Puat - National University Children's Medical Institute, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore.; Research Unit of Internal Medicine, Medical Research Center Oulu, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, 90014, Finland.; Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine Qatar, Doha, Qatar.; Division of Epidemiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, 84108, USA.; Center for Translational & Computational Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology, Columbia University Medical Center, 650 West 168th street, PH19-311, Newyork, NY, 10032, USA.; Cell Circuits Program, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA.; Department of Economics, Stockholm School of Economics, Stockholm, SE-113 83, Sweden.; Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Ophthalmology and Visual Science Key Lab, Beijing, China, 100005, China.; Department of Ophthalmology, Medical Faculty Mannheim of the Ruprecht-Karls-University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, 698167, Germany.; Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, 2300 RC, the Netherlands.; Finnish Institute for Molecular Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.; Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, FI-00014, Finland.; Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Headington, Oxford, OX3 7LJ, UK.; Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK.; Laboratory of Clinical Chemistry and Hematology, Division Laboratories and Pharmacy, University Medical Center Utrecht, University of Utrecht, Utrecht, 3584 CX, Netherlands.; Department of Psychology and Logopedics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, 00014, Finland.; Helsinki Collegium for Advanced Studies, University of Helsinki, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, 00014, Finland.; University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein (UKSH), Campus Kiel, Kiel, 24105, Germany.; Institute of Epidemiology and PopGen Biobank, University of Kiel, Kiel, Schleswig Holstein, 24105, Germany.; Department of Statistics, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.; Vth Department of Medicine (Nephrology, Hypertensiology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology, Diabetology), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, 68167, Germany.; Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.; Synlab Academy, Synlab Holding Deutschland GmbH, Mannheim, Germany.; Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK.; Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Headington, Oxford, OX3 7LJ, UK.; Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK.; Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, 11211, Saudi Arabia.; QIMR Berghofer Institute of Medical Research, Brisbane, Australia.; Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, 4072, Australia.; Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, 2333 ZA, The Netherlands.; Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, 2333 ZA, The Netherlands.; QIMR Berghofer Institute of Medical Research, Brisbane, Australia.; School of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove, QLD, 4059, Australia.; Department of Psychiatry, Interdisciplinary Center Psychopathology and Emotion Regulation, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, 9700 RB, The Netherlands.; Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA.; Pat Macpherson Centre for Pharmacogenetics and Pharmacogenomics, The School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, DD1 9SY, UK.; School of Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia.; Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia/Australia, 6009, Australia.; Department of kinesiology, Laval University, Quebec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada.; Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Laval University, Quebec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada.; Institute of Genetic and Biomedical Research - Support Unity, National Research Council of Italy, Sassari, 07100, Italy.; Department of Complex Trait Genetics, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, 1081 HV, The Netherlands.; Department of Complex Trait Genetics, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, 1081 HV, The Netherlands.; Department of Clinical Genetics, Amsterdam Neuroscience, VU Medical Centre, Amsterdam, 1081HV, The Netherlands.; Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Departments of Epidemiology, Medicine and Health Services, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98101, USA.; Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute, Seattle, WA, 98101, USA.; Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada.; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, H3T 1J4, Canada.; Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology, Division Heart & Lungs, University Medical Center Utrecht, University of Utrecht, Utrecht, Utrecht, 3584 CX, Netherlands.; Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA.; Oklahoma Center for Neuroscience, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA.; Department of Molecular Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany.; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany.; Institute of Nutritional Sciences, University of Potsdam, Nuthetal, Germany.; Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Klinik für Herz- und Kreislauferkrankungen, Technische Universität München, Munich, 80636, Germany.; Deutsches Zentrum für Herz- und Kreislauferkrankungen (DZHK), Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, 80636, Germany.; Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA.; Program for Personalized and Genomic Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA.; Regeneron Genetics Center, Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc, Tarrytown, NY, 10591-6607, USA.; Faculty of Health Studies, University of Bradford, Bradford, West Yorkshire, BD7 1DP, UK.; Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.; Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48014, USA.; Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Division of Cardiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98101, USA.; Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore, 117549, Singapore.; Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 119228, SG, Singapore.; Duke-NUS Medical School, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore, 169857, SG, Singapore.; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, 17475, Germany.; Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, 17475, Germany.; MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 2BN, UK.; Department of Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 2PR, UK.; Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC), University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 2PR, UK.; INSERM UMR_S 1166, Sorbonne Universités, Paris, 75013, France.; Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.; Endocrinology, Abdominal Centre, University of Helsinki, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.; Folkhalsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland.; Research Program of Diabetes and Endocrinology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.; Department of Medicine, Internal Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, 1011, Switzerland.; Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.; Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, 19146, USA.; Unit of Genomics and Biomarkers, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, 00271, Finland.; Department of Cardiology, Ealing Hospital, Middlesex, Middlesex, UB1 3HW, UK.; MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Imperial College London, London, W2 1PG, UK.; Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, London, W12 0HS, UK.; National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, W12 0NN, UK.; The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Ichan School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA.; The Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA.; MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, Scotland.; Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush, Midlothian, EH25 9RG, Scotland.; Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, University of Tartu, Tartu, 51010, Estonia.; Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MASSACHUSETTS, 02142, USA.; Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9AG, Scotland. [email protected].; MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, Scotland. [email protected].