Electrochemical-based biosensors for microRNA detection: Nanotechnology comes into view.

Zahra Shabaninejad, Fatemeh Yousefi, Ahmad Movahedpour, Younes Ghasemi, Sadat Dokanehiifard, Samaneh Rezaei, Reihaneh Aryan, Amir Savardashtaki, Hamed Mirzaei

Journal: Analytical biochemistry 2020;581():113349

PMID: 31254490

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Abstract

Nanotechnology plays an undeniable significant role in medical sciences, particularly in the field of biomedicine. Development of several diagnostic procedures in medicine has been possible through the beneficial application of nano-materials, among which electrochemical nano-biosensors can be mentioned. They can be employed to quantify various clinical biomarkers in detection, evaluation, and follow up stages of the illnesses. MicroRNAs, a group of regulatory short RNA fragments, added a new dimension to the management and diagnosis of several diseases. Mature miRNAs are single-stranded RNA molecules approximately 22 nucleotides in length, which regulate a vast range of biological functions from cellular proliferation and death to cancer development and progression. Recently, diagnostic value of miRNAs in various diseases has been demonstrated. There are many traditional methods for detection of miRNAs including northern blotting, quantitative real time PCR (qRT-PCR), microarray technology, nanotechnology-based approaches, and molecular biology tools including miRNA biosensors. In comparison with other techniques, electrochemical nucleic acid biosensor methods exhibit many interesting features, and could play an important role in the future nucleic acid analysis. This review paper provides an overview of some different types of nanotechnology-based biosensors for detection of miRNAs.

Address: Department of Nanobiotechnology, School of Basic Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.; Department of Genetics, School of Basic Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.; Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.; Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.; Department of Human Genetics, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, 33136, USA.; Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.; School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.; Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran. Electronic address: [email protected].; Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran. Electronic address: [email protected].

DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2019.113349

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MeSH Terms: Biosensing Techniques, Electrochemical Techniques, Humans, MicroRNAs, Microarray Analysis, Nanotechnology, Neoplasms, RNA, Neoplasm