Emerging Roles for Polycomb-Group Proteins in Stem Cells and Cancer.

Ho Lam Chan, Lluis Morey

Journal: Trends in biochemical sciences 2020;44(8):688-700

PMID: 31085088

Full Text on Elsevier Science View on PubMed

Abstract

Polycomb-group (PcG) complexes are multiprotein, evolutionarily conserved epigenetic machineries that regulate stem cell fate decisions and development, and are also implicated in cancer and other maladies. The PcG machinery can be divided into two major complexes: Polycomb repressive complex 1 and 2 (PRC1 and PRC2). Traditionally, PcG complexes have been associated with maintenance of gene repression mainly via histone-modifying activities. However, during the last years, increasing evidence indicates that the PcG complexes can also positively regulate gene transcription and modify non-histone substrates in multiple biological processes, cellular stages, and cancers. In this review, we will illustrate recent findings in PcG-mediated gene regulation, with special focus on the recently described non-classical functions of PcG complexes in stem cells and cancer.

Address: Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Biomedical Research Building, 1501 NW 10th Avenue, Miami, FL 33136, USA; Department of Human Genetics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, 33136, USA.; Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Biomedical Research Building, 1501 NW 10th Avenue, Miami, FL 33136, USA; Department of Human Genetics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, 33136, USA. Electronic address: [email protected].

DOI: 10.1016/j.tibs.2019.04.005

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MeSH Terms: Amino Acid Sequence, Binding Sites, Gene Expression Regulation, Histones, Humans, Neoplasms, Polycomb-Group Proteins, Protein Conformation, Protein Processing, Post-Translational, Stem Cells