Physiological Responses of Jurkat Lymphocytes to Simulated Microgravity Conditions.

Caterina Morabito, Paola Lanuti, Giusy A Caprara, Marco Marchisio, Mariano Bizzarri, Simone Guarnieri, Maria A Mariggiò

Journal: International journal of molecular sciences 2019;20(8):1892

PMID: 30999563

Abstract

The presence of microgravity conditions deeply affects the human body functions at the systemic, organ and cellular levels. This study aimed to investigate the effects induced by simulated-microgravity on non-stimulated Jurkat lymphocytes, an immune cell phenotype considered as a biosensor of the body responses, in order to depict at the cellular level the effects of such a peculiar condition. Jurkat cells were grown at 1 g or on random positioning machine simulating microgravity. On these cells we performed: morphological, cell cycle and proliferation analyses using cytofluorimetric and staining protocols-intracellular Ca, reactive oxygen species (ROS), mitochondria membrane potential and O measurements using fluorescent probes-aconitase and mitochondria activity, glucose and lactate content using colorimetric assays. After the first exposure days, the cells showed a more homogeneous roundish shape, an increased proliferation rate, metabolic and detoxifying activity resulted in decreased intracellular Ca and ROS. In the late exposure time, the cells adapted to the new environmental condition. Our non-activated proliferating Jurkat cells, even if responsive to altered external forces, adapted to the new environmental condition showing a healthy status. In order to define the cellular mechanism(s) triggered by microgravity, developing standardized experimental approaches and controlled cell culture and simulator conditions is strongly recommended.

Address: Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy. [email protected].; Centro Scienze dell' Invecchiamento e Medicina Traslazionale (CeSI-MeT), University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy. [email protected].; Centro Scienze dell' Invecchiamento e Medicina Traslazionale (CeSI-MeT), University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy. [email protected].; Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy. [email protected].; Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA. [email protected].; Centro Scienze dell' Invecchiamento e Medicina Traslazionale (CeSI-MeT), University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy. [email protected].; Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy. [email protected].; Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 06100 Rome, Italy. [email protected].; Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy. [email protected].; Centro Scienze dell' Invecchiamento e Medicina Traslazionale (CeSI-MeT), University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy. [email protected].; Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy. [email protected].; Centro Scienze dell' Invecchiamento e Medicina Traslazionale (CeSI-MeT), University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy. [email protected].

DOI: 10.3390/ijms20081892

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https://assays.cancer.gov/CPTAC-177

MeSH Terms: Calcium, Cell Shape, Glucose, Humans, Jurkat Cells, Lymphocytes, Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial, Oxidative Stress, Oxygen, Weightlessness Simulation