Dynamics of Bacterial and Viral Communities in Paddy Soil with Irrigation and Urea Application.

Yuting Li, Hao Sun, Weichao Yang, Guanxiong Chen, Hui Xu

Journal: Viruses 2020;11(4):347

PMID: 31014039

Abstract

Viruses are ubiquitous in natural systems. By influencing bacterial abundance (BA) and community structure through lysis-lysogenic conversion, viruses are involved in various ecological processes. In agricultural management, nitrogen addition and irrigation should be considered as important factors that can modify soil viral dynamics but have been ignored. In our study, short-term dynamics of autochthonous soil viral and bacterial abundance and diversity after irrigation and urea application were examined in a long-term experimental paddy field. Urea addition delayed the emergence of peak viral abundance for three days, suggesting that viruses are sensitive to N addition. Under short-term eutrophic conditions through urea application, viruses undertake a lysogenic-biased strategy. Moreover, nitrogen-fixing bacteria were most likely specifically lysed in urea-treated soil, which suggests that soil viruses block N accumulation by killing nitrogen-fixing bacteria. To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first to investigate dynamic changes in autochthonous viruses in paddy fields.

Address: Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China. [email protected].; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China. [email protected].; National Field Observation and Research Station of Shenyang Agro-Ecosystems, Shenyang 110016, China. [email protected].; Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China. [email protected].; Key Laboratory of Pollution Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China. [email protected].; Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China. [email protected].; Key Laboratory of Pollution Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China. [email protected].; Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China. [email protected].; Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China. [email protected].; Key Laboratory of Pollution Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China. [email protected].

DOI: 10.3390/v11040347

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MeSH Terms: Agricultural Irrigation, Agriculture, Bacteria, Bacterial Physiological Phenomena, China, Nitrogen, Oryza, RNA, Ribosomal, 16S, Soil, Soil Microbiology, Urea, Virus Physiological Phenomena, Viruses