Circulating Saturated Fatty Acids and Incident Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Lihua Huang, Jie-Sheng Lin, Izzuddin M Aris, Guiyou Yang, Wei-Qing Chen, Ling-Jun Li

Journal: Nutrients 2019;11(5):998

PMID: 31052447

Abstract

The effect of saturated fatty acids (SFAs) on incident type 2 diabetes (T2D) is controversial and few have systematically appraised the evidence. We conducted a comprehensive search of prospective studies examining these relationships that were published in PubMed, Web of Science, or EMBASE from 21 February 1989 to 21 February 2019. A total of 19 studies were included for systematic review and 10 for meta-analysis. We estimated the summarized relative risk (RR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) using a random (if I > 50%) or a fixed effects model (if I ≤ 50%). Although the included studies reported inconclusive results, the majority supported a protective effect of odd-chain and an adverse impact of even-chain SFAs. Meta-analysis showed that the per standard deviation (SD) increase in odd-chain SFAs was associated with a reduced risk of incident T2D (C15:0: 0.86, 0.76-0.98; C17:0: 0.76, 0.59-0.97), while a per SD increase in one even-chain SFA was associated with an increased risk of incident T2D (C14:0: 1.13, 1.09-1.18). No associations were found between other SFAs and incident T2D. In conclusion, our findings suggest an overall protective effect of odd-chain SFAs and the inconclusive impact of even- and very-long-chain SFAs on incident T2D.

Address: Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health Assessment, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China. [email protected].; Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health Assessment, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China. [email protected].; Division of Chronic Disease Research Across the Lifecourse, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA. [email protected].; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 119074 Singapore, Singapore. [email protected].; Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore. [email protected].; Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health Assessment, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China. [email protected].; Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health Assessment, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China. [email protected].; Department of Information Management, Xinhua College, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510520, China. [email protected].; Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore 229899, Singapore. [email protected].; Obstetrics and Gynecology Academic Clinical Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore. [email protected].; Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore 169856, Singapore. [email protected].

DOI: 10.3390/nu11050998

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MeSH Terms: Correlation of Data, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Eicosanoic Acids, Fatty Acids, Humans, Incidence, Myristic Acid, Palmitic Acid, Prospective Studies, Stearic Acids