Black phosphorus based fiber optic biosensor for ultrasensitive cancer diagnosis.

Lin Zhou, Chen Liu, Zhengbo Sun, Hongju Mao, Lin Zhang, Xuefeng Yu, Jianlong Zhao, Xianfeng Chen

Journal: Biosensors & bioelectronics 2019;137():140-147

PMID: 31096080

Full Text on Elsevier Science View on PubMed

Abstract

We propose the first black phosphorus (BP) - fiber optic biosensor for ultrasensitive diagnosis of human neuron-specific enolase (NSE) cancer biomarkers. A novel optical-nano configuration has been exploited by integrating BP nanosheets with a largely tilted fiber grating (BP-TFG), where the BP is bio-functionalized by the poly-L-lysine acting as a critical cross-linker to facilitate bio-nano-photonic interface with extremely enhanced light-matter interaction. BP nanosheets are synthesized by a liquid ultrasonication-based exfoliation and deposited on fiber device by an in-situ layer-by-layer method. The BP-induced optical modulation effects in terms of thickness-tunable feature, polarization-dependence and enhanced light-matter interaction are experimentally investigated. The anti-NSE immobilized BP-TFG biosensor has been implemented to detect NSE biomarkers demonstrating ultrahigh sensitivity with limit of detection down to 1.0 pg/mL, which is 4 orders magnitude lower than NSE cut-off value of small cell lung cancer. The enhanced sensitivity of BP-TFG is 100-fold higher than graphene oxide or AuNPs based biosensors. We believe that BP-fiber optic configuration opens a new bio-nano-photonic platform for the applications in healthcare, biomedical, food safety and environmental monitoring.

Address: School of Computer Science and Electronic Engineering, Bangor University, Bangor, LL57 1UT, United Kingdom; State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, China.; School of Computer Science and Electronic Engineering, Bangor University, Bangor, LL57 1UT, United Kingdom.; Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China.; State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, China.; Aston Institute of Photonic Technologies, Aston University, Birmingham, B4 7ET, United Kingdom.; School of Computer Science and Electronic Engineering, Bangor University, Bangor, LL57 1UT, United Kingdom. Electronic address: [email protected].

DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2019.04.044

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MeSH Terms: Biomarkers, Tumor, Biosensing Techniques, Fiber Optic Technology, Gold, Graphite, Humans, Limit of Detection, Metal Nanoparticles, Neoplasms, Phosphopyruvate Hydratase, Phosphorus