Detection of ON1 and novel genotypes of human respiratory syncytial virus and emergence of palivizumab resistance in Lebanon.

Hadi Abou-El-Hassan, Elie Massaad, Nadia Soudani, Aia Assaf-Casals, Rouba Shaker, Mireille Lteif Khoury, Soha Ghanem, Maria Karam, Rabih Andary, Reiko Saito, Ghassan Dbaibo, Hassan Zaraket

Journal: PloS one 2019;14(2):e0212687

PMID: 30789963

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Abstract

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a common cause of respiratory tract infections in children and immunocompromised individuals. A multi-center surveillance of the epidemiologic and molecular characteristics of RSV circulating in Lebanon was performed. The attachment (G) and fusion (F) glycoproteins were analyzed and compared to those reported regionally and globally. 16% (83/519) of the nasopharyngeal swabs collected during the 2016/17 season tested positive for RSV; 50% (27/54) were RSV-A and 50% (27/54) were RSV-B. Phylogenetic analysis of the G glycoprotein revealed predominance of the RSVA ON1 genotype, in addition to two novel Lebanese genotype variants, hereby named LBA1 and LBA2, which descended from the ON1 and NA2 RSV-A genotypes, respectively. RSV-B strains belonged to BA9 genotype except for one BA10. Deduced amino acid sequences depicted several unique substitutions, alteration of glycosylation patterns and the emergence of palivizumab resistance among the Lebanese viruses. The emergence of ON1 and other novel genotypes that are resistant to palivizumab highlights the importance of monitoring RSV globally.

Address: Department of Experimental Pathology, Immunology, and Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon.; Center for Infectious Diseases Research, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon.; Department of Experimental Pathology, Immunology, and Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon.; Center for Infectious Diseases Research, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon.; Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, EDST, Lebanese University, Hadath, Lebanon.; Center for Infectious Diseases Research, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon.; Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon.; Department of Pediatrics, Makassed General Hospital, Beirut, Lebanon.; Kiserwan Medical Center, Jounieh, Lebanon.; Al-Jabal Hospital, Aley, Lebanon.; Division of International Health (Public Health), Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan.; Center for Infectious Diseases Research, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon.; Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon.; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon.

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0212687

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MeSH Terms: Adolescent, Adult, Antiviral Agents, Child, Child, Preschool, Drug Resistance, Viral, Female, Humans, Infant, Lebanon, Male, Middle Aged, Models, Molecular, Mutation, Palivizumab, Phylogeny, Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections, Respiratory Syncytial Virus, Human, Respiratory Tract Infections, Young Adult