Disturbed neurovascular coupling in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients: Evidence from a comprehensive fMRI analysis.

Xin Zhang, Wen Wang, Guang-Bin Cui, Hang Guo, Kai-Xiang Zhou, Fei Li, Chang-Hua Shao, Qing-Quan Liu, Jun-Feng Hou, Chun-Ni Heng, Bo Hu, Hai-Yan Nan, Yu-Chuan Hu, Yang Yang, Yu-Jie Dai, Jin Zhang, Ying Yu, Qian Sun, Lin-Feng Yan

Journal: NeuroImage. Clinical 2020;22():101802

PMID: 30991623

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Abstract

BACKGROUND

Previous studies presumed that the disturbed neurovascular coupling to be a critical risk factor of cognitive impairments in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), but distinct clinical manifestations were lacked. Consequently, we decided to investigate the neurovascular coupling in T2DM patients by exploring the MRI relationship between neuronal activity and the corresponding cerebral blood perfusion.

METHODS

Degree centrality (DC) map and amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (ALFF) map were used to represent neuronal activity. Cerebral blood flow (CBF) map was used to represent cerebral blood perfusion. Correlation coefficients were calculated to reflect the relationship between neuronal activity and cerebral blood perfusion.

RESULTS

At the whole gray matter level, the manifestation of neurovascular coupling was investigated by using 4 neurovascular biomarkers. We compared these biomarkers and found no significant changes. However, at the brain region level, neurovascular biomarkers in T2DM patients were significantly decreased in 10 brain regions. ALFF-CBF in left hippocampus and fractional ALFF-CBF in left amygdala were positively associated with the executive function, while ALFF-CBF in right fusiform gyrus was negatively related to the executive function. The disease severity was negatively related to the memory and executive function. The longer duration of T2DM was related to the milder depression, which suggests T2DM-related depression may not be a physiological condition but be a psychological condition.

CONCLUSION

Correlations between neuronal activity and cerebral perfusion maps may be a method for detecting neurovascular coupling abnormalities, which could be used for diagnosis in the future. Trial registry number: This study has been registered in ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT02420470) on April 2, 2015 and published on July 29, 2015.

Address: Department of Radiology & Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Lab of Shaanxi Province, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, 569 Xinsi Road, Xi'an 710038, Shaanxi, China.; Department of Clinical Nutrition, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, 169 Changle Road, Xi'an 710032, Shaanxi, China.; Department of Endocrinology, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, 569 Xinsi Road, Xi'an 710038, Shaanxi Province, China.; Student Brigade, Fourth Military Medical University, 169 Changle Road, Xi'an 710032, Shaanxi, China.; Department of Radiology & Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Lab of Shaanxi Province, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, 569 Xinsi Road, Xi'an 710038, Shaanxi, China. Electronic address: [email protected].; Department of Radiology & Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Lab of Shaanxi Province, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, 569 Xinsi Road, Xi'an 710038, Shaanxi, China. Electronic address: [email protected].

DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2019.101802

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MeSH Terms: Adult, Amygdala, Biomarkers, Cognitive Dysfunction, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Executive Function, Female, Functional Neuroimaging, Gray Matter, Hippocampus, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Mental Recall, Middle Aged, Neurovascular Coupling