Hepatitis B and C.

Krupa R Mysore, Daniel H Leung

Journal: Clinics in liver disease 2019;22(4):703-722

PMID: 30266158

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Abstract

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections represent a major global public health and economic burden, with an estimated 257 million and 71 million people, respectively, having chronic infection worldwide. The natural history of HBV and HCV in children depends on age at time of infection, mode of acquisition, ethnicity, and genotype. Most children infected perinatally or vertically remain asymptomatic but are at uniquely higher risk of developing chronic viral hepatitis, progressing to liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), hence classifying HBV and HCV as oncoviruses. This article discusses the epidemiology, virology, immunobiology, prevention, clinical manifestations, evaluation, and the advances in treatment of hepatitis B and C in children.

Address: Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Texas Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, 6701 Fannin, Suite 1010, Houston, TX 77030, USA.; Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Texas Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, 6701 Fannin, Suite 1010, Houston, TX 77030, USA. Electronic address: [email protected].

DOI: 10.1016/j.cld.2018.06.002

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MeSH Terms: Adolescent, Child, Child, Preschool, Hepatitis B, Chronic, Hepatitis C, Chronic, Humans, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Viral Hepatitis Vaccines