A new era for electron bifurcation.

Carolyn E Lubner, Michael Ww Adams, Peng Zhang, Oleg A Zadvornyy, Monika Tokmina-Lukaszewska, Lance C Seefeldt, Gerrit J Schut, Simone Raugei, David W Mulder, Shelley D Minteer, John W Peters, Yi Lu, Paul W King, Anne K Jones, Russ Hille, Zachariah M Heiden, Caroline S Harwood, R Brian Dyer, Brian Bothner, David N Beratan

Journal: Current opinion in chemical biology 2019;47():32-38

PMID: 30077080

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Abstract

Electron bifurcation, or the coupling of exergonic and endergonic oxidation-reduction reactions, was discovered by Peter Mitchell and provides an elegant mechanism to rationalize and understand the logic that underpins the Q cycle of the respiratory chain. Thought to be a unique reaction of respiratory complex III for nearly 40 years, about a decade ago Wolfgang Buckel and Rudolf Thauer discovered that flavin-based electron bifurcation is also an important component of anaerobic microbial metabolism. Their discovery spawned a surge of research activity, providing a basis to understand flavin-based bifurcation, forging fundamental parallels with Mitchell's Q cycle and leading to the proposal of metal-based bifurcating enzymes. New insights into the mechanism of electron bifurcation provide a foundation to establish the unifying principles and essential elements of this fascinating biochemical phenomenon.

Address: Institute of Biological Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman WA 99163, United States; Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, United States. Electronic address: [email protected].; Department of Chemistry and Department of Physics, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, United States; Department of Biochemistry, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, United States.; Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717, United States.; Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, United States.; Department of Microbiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, United States.; Department of Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman WA 99163, United States.; Biochemistry Department, University of California at Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521, United States.; School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, United States.; National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO 8040, United States.; Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, United States; Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, United States.; Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, United States.; Institute of Biological Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman WA 99163, United States; Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, United States.; Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, United States.; Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, United States; Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University, Logan, UT 84322, United States.; Institute of Biological Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman WA 99163, United States.; Department of Biochemistry, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, United States.

DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2018.07.026

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MeSH Terms: Benzoquinones, Electron Transport, Electron Transport Chain Complex Proteins, Flavin-Adenine Dinucleotide, Hydroquinones, Mitochondria, NAD, Oxidation-Reduction