Matricaria genus as a source of antimicrobial agents: From farm to pharmacy and food applications.

Mehdi Sharifi-Rad, Jolanta Nazaruk, Letizia Polito, Maria Flaviana Bezerra Morais-Braga, Janaína Esmeraldo Rocha, Henrique Douglas Melo Coutinho, Bahare Salehi, Giulia Tabanelli, Chiara Montanari, María Del Mar Contreras, Zubaida Yousaf, William N Setzer, Deepa R Verma, Miquel Martorell, Antoni Sureda, Javad Sharifi-Rad

Journal: Microbiological research 2018;215():76-88

PMID: 30172312

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Abstract

Matricaria is a widespread genus of flowering plants of the family Asteraceae that grow in temperate regions of Europe, Asia, America and Africa. Some of the species are also naturalized in Australia. Some species of this genus such as Chamomiles are recognized medicinal plants and cultivated in several countries for commercial purposes: to obtain its blue essence, as herbal tea, and for pharmaceutical or cosmeceutical uses. The phytochemical composition of Matricaria spp. includes volatile terpenoids (e.g., α-bisabolol, bisabolol oxide A and B, β-trans-farnesene and chamazulene), sesquiterpene lactones such as matricin, and phenolic compounds (flavonoids, coumarins and phenolic acids). Their essential oil is obtained from the fresh or dried inflorescences by steam distillation, and additionally cohobation of the remaining water. The volatile composition of the essential oil, especially the content of the valuable components α-bisabolol and chamazulene, depends on the plant part, origin and quality of the source, genetic, and environmental factors. Moreover, other parameters, such as season of harvest and methods of extraction, can affect the extraction yield of the essential oils/extracts, their composition and, therefore, their bioactivity. Due to the importance of this genus and particularly M. recutita (M. chamomilla), this review focus on its cultivation, factor affecting essential oils' composition and their role in traditional medicine, as antibacterial agents and finally as food preservatives.

Address: Department of Medical Parasitology, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, 61663-335, Iran.; Department of Pharmacognosy, Medical University of Bialystok, Mickiewicza 2a, 15-089, Bialystok, Poland.; Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine-DIMES, General Pathology Unit, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Via San Giacomo 14, 40126, Bologna, Italy.; Laboratory of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Department of Biological Chemistry, Universidade Regional do Cariri - URCA, Crato, CE, Brazil.; Medical Ethics and Law Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Student Research Committee, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Electronic address: [email protected].; Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca Industriale Agroalimentare, Università degli Studi di Bologna, Cesena, Italy.; Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Ambiental y de los Materiales, Universidad de Jaén, Spain.; Department of Botany, Lahore College for Women University, Jail Road Lahore, Pakistan.; Department of Chemistry, University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, AL, 35899, USA.; Department of Botany & Postgraduate Department, Biological Sciences, VIVA College of Arts, Science & Commerce, Virar (w), 401303, Maharashtra, India.; Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Concepcion, Concepcion, Chile. Electronic address: [email protected].; Research Group on Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, Laboratory of Physical Activity Sciences, and CIBEROBN - Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, CB12/03/30038, University of Balearic Islands, Palma de Mallorca, Spain.; Phytochemistry Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Chemistry, Richardson College for the Environmental Science Complex, The University of Winnipeg, Winnipeg, Canada. Electronic address: [email protected].

DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2018.06.010

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MeSH Terms: Anti-Infective Agents, Azulenes, Bacterial Infections, Coumarins, Farms, Flavonoids, Food, Food Industry, Food Preservatives, Hydroxybenzoates, Lactones, Matricaria, Monocyclic Sesquiterpenes, Oils, Volatile, Phytochemicals, Plant Extracts, Plant Oils, Plants, Medicinal, Seasons, Sesquiterpenes, Sesquiterpenes, Guaiane