Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy: Clinical Update.

Jeffrey B Geske, Steve R Ommen, Bernard J Gersh

Journal: JACC. Heart failure 2019;6(5):364-375

PMID: 29655825

Free Full Text on Elsevier Science View on PubMed

Abstract

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is the most common heritable cardiomyopathy, manifesting as left ventricular hypertrophy in the absence of a secondary cause. The genetic underpinnings of HCM arise largely from mutations of sarcomeric proteins; however, the specific underlying mutation often remains undetermined. Patient presentation is phenotypically diverse, ranging from asymptomatic to heart failure or sudden cardiac death. Left ventricular hypertrophy and abnormal ventricular configuration result in dynamic left ventricular outflow obstruction in most patients. The goal of therapeutic interventions is largely to reduce dynamic obstruction, with treatment modalities spanning lifestyle modifications, pharmacotherapies, and septal reduction therapies. A small subset of patients with HCM will experience sudden cardiac death, and risk stratification remains a clinical challenge. This paper presents a clinical update for diagnosis, family screening, clinical imaging, risk stratification, and management of symptoms in patients with HCM.

Address: Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota. Electronic address: [email protected].; Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.

DOI: 10.1016/j.jchf.2018.02.010