Design, synthesis and perception of fluorescently labeled isoprenoid cytokinins.

Karolina Kubiasová, Václav Mik, Jaroslav Nisler, Martin Hönig, Alexandra Husičková, Lukáš Spíchal, Zuzana Pěkná, Olga Šamajová, Karel Doležal, Ondřej Plíhal, Eva Benková, Miroslav Strnad, Lucie Plíhalová

Journal: Phytochemistry 2018;150():1-11

PMID: 29524794

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Abstract

Isoprenoid cytokinins play a number of crucial roles in the regulation of plant growth and development. To study cytokinin receptor properties in plants, we designed and prepared fluorescent derivatives of 6-[(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)amino]purine (N-isopentenyladenine, iP) with several fluorescent labels attached to the C2 or N9 atom of the purine moiety via a 2- or 6-carbon linker. The fluorescent labels included dansyl (DS), fluorescein (FC), 7-nitrobenzofurazan (NBD), rhodamine B (RhoB), coumarin (Cou), 7-(diethylamino)coumarin (DEAC) and cyanine 5 dye (Cy5). All prepared compounds were screened for affinity for the Arabidopsis thaliana cytokinin receptor (CRE1/AHK4). Although the attachment of the fluorescent labels to iP via the linkers mostly disrupted binding to the receptor, several fluorescent derivatives interacted well. For this reason, three derivatives, two rhodamine B and one 4-chloro-7-nitrobenzofurazan labeled iP were tested for their interaction with CRE1/AHK4 and Zea mays cytokinin receptors in detail. We further showed that the three derivatives were able to activate transcription of cytokinin response regulator ARR5 in Arabidopsis seedlings. The activity of fluorescently labeled cytokinins was compared with corresponding 6-dimethylaminopurine fluorescently labeled negative controls. Selected rhodamine B C2-labeled compounds 17, 18 and 4-chloro-7-nitrobenzofurazan N9-labeled compound 28 and their respective negative controls (19, 20 and 29, respectively) were used for in planta staining experiments in Arabidopsis thaliana cell suspension culture using live cell confocal microscopy.

Address: Department of Molecular Biology, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Šlechtitelů 27, Olomouc 783 71, Czech Republic.; Department of Chemical Biology and Genetics, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Olomouc 783 71, Czech Republic.; Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Faculty of Science, Palacký University & Institute of Experimental Botany AS CR, Šlechtitelů 27, Olomouc 783 71, Czech Republic; Department of Chemical Biology and Genetics, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Olomouc 783 71, Czech Republic.; Department of Biophysics, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, Olomouc 783 71, Czech Republic.; Department of Cell Biology, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Šlechtitelů 27, Olomouc 783 71, Czech Republic.; Institute of Science and Technology (IST), 3400 Klosterneuburg, Austria.; Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Faculty of Science, Palacký University & Institute of Experimental Botany AS CR, Šlechtitelů 27, Olomouc 783 71, Czech Republic.; Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Faculty of Science, Palacký University & Institute of Experimental Botany AS CR, Šlechtitelů 27, Olomouc 783 71, Czech Republic; Department of Chemical Biology and Genetics, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Olomouc 783 71, Czech Republic. Electronic address: [email protected].

DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2018.02.015

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MeSH Terms: 4-Chloro-7-nitrobenzofurazan, Adenine, Arabidopsis, Arabidopsis Proteins, Carbocyanines, Coloring Agents, Cytokinins, Fluorescent Dyes, Gene Expression Regulation, Plant, Isopentenyladenosine, Microscopy, Confocal, Molecular Structure, Plant Development, Plant Growth Regulators, Purines, Receptors, Cytokine, Rhodamines, Seedlings, Terpenes, Zea mays