Effect of weight loss on circulating fatty acid profiles in overweight subjects with high visceral fat area: a 12-week randomized controlled trial.

Young Ju Lee, Ayoung Lee, Hye Jin Yoo, Minjoo Kim, Minkyung Kim, Sun Ha Jee, Dong Yeob Shin, Jong Ho Lee

Journal: Nutrition journal 2019;17(1):28

PMID: 29471812

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Plain Language Summary

Compared with abdominal subcutaneous fat, the amount of visceral fat a person stores, the more at risk they are for certain health complications. Numerous studies have shown a correlation between visceral fat amount and alteration in serum fatty acids. Henceforth the objective of this study was to investigate the effect of weight loss by calorie restricting on nondiabetic overweight individuals with high visceral fat. A 12-week, placebo-controlled, randomised study was conducted with 80 high visceral fatty acid, nondiabetic overweight subjects in Korea. A significant reduction in total saturated fatty acids was observed in subjects who lost weight and henceforth, the authors concluded that mild calorie restriction has potential health benefits.

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Significant associations between visceral fat and alterations in plasma fatty acids have been identified in overweight individuals. However, there are scant data regarding the relationships of the visceral fat area (VFA) with the plasma fatty acid profiles and desaturase activities following weight loss. We investigated the effect of weight loss with mild calorie restriction on the circulating fatty acid profiles and desaturase activities in nondiabetic overweight subjects with high VFA.

METHODS

Eighty overweight subjects with high VFA (L4 VFA ≥100 cm) were randomized into the 12-week mild-calorie-restriction (300 kcal/day) or control groups.

RESULTS

Comparison of the percent of body weight changes between groups revealed that the weight-loss group had greater reductions in body weight. The VFA decreased by 17.7 cm from baseline in the weight-loss group (P < 0.001). At follow-up, the weight-loss group showed greater reductions in serum triglycerides, insulin, and HOMA-IR than the control group. Significantly greater reductions in total saturated fatty acids, palmitic acid, stearic acid, total monounsaturated fatty acids, palmitoleic acid, oleic acid, eicosadienoic acid, and dihomo-γ-linolenic acid levels were detected in the weight-loss group compared with the control group after adjusting for baseline values. Following weight loss, C16 Δ9-desaturase activity was significantly decreased and Δ5-desaturase activity was significantly increased, and the changes were greater in the weight-loss group than in the control group.

CONCLUSIONS

The results suggest that mild weight loss improves abdominal obesity, overall fatty acid profiles, and desaturase activities; therefore, mild calorie restriction has potential health benefits related to obesity-related diseases in overweight subjects with high VFA.

TRIAL REGISTRATION

NCT02992639. Retrospectively registered 11 December 2016.

Address: National Leading Research Laboratory of Clinical Nutrigenetics/Nutrigenomics, Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Korea.; Department of Food and Nutrition, Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project, College of Human Ecology, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Korea.; Research Center for Silver Science, Institute of Symbiotic Life-TECH, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Korea.; Department of Epidemiology and Health Promotion, Institute for Health Promotion, Graduate School of Public Health, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Korea.; Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Korea.; National Leading Research Laboratory of Clinical Nutrigenetics/Nutrigenomics, Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Korea. [email protected].; Department of Food and Nutrition, Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project, College of Human Ecology, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Korea. [email protected].; Research Center for Silver Science, Institute of Symbiotic Life-TECH, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Korea. [email protected].

DOI: 10.1186/s12937-018-0323-4

Clinical Imbalances

Hormonal Immune and inflammation

Laboratory Testing

Blood

Modifiable Lifestyle Factors

Diet Exercise and movement

Nutrition Evidence Keywords

Overweight

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https://scite.ai/reports/29471812

MeSH Terms: Adult, Body Composition, Body Mass Index, Caloric Restriction, Delta-5 Fatty Acid Desaturase, Fatty Acid Desaturases, Fatty Acids, Female, Humans, Insulin, Insulin Resistance, Intra-Abdominal Fat, Male, Middle Aged, Overweight, Placebos, Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase, Triglycerides, Weight Loss